Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/13806
Title
Aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillosis: From basics to clinics
Author(s)
Arastehfar, A | Carvalho, A | Houbraken, J | Lombardi, L | Garcia-Rubio, Rocio | Jenks, JD | Rivero-Menendez, Olga ISCIII | Aljohani, R | Jacobsen, ID | Berman, J | Osherov, N | Hedayati, MT | Ilkit, M | James-Armstrong, D | Gabaldón, T | Meletiadis, J | Kostrzewa, M | Pan, W | Lass-Flörl, C | Perlin, D S | Hoenigl, M
Date issued
2021-09
Citation
Stud Mycol. 2021 May 10;100:100115.
Language
Inglés
Document type
journal article
Abstract
The airborne fungus Aspergillus fumigatus poses a serious health threat to humans by causing numerous invasive infections and a notable mortality in humans, especially in immunocompromised patients. Mould-active azoles are the frontline therapeutics employed to treat aspergillosis. The global emergence of azole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates in clinic and environment, however, notoriously limits the therapeutic options of mould-active antifungals and potentially can be attributed to a mortality rate reaching up to 100 %. Although specific mutations in CYP51A are the main cause of azole resistance, there is a new wave of azole-resistant isolates with wild-type CYP51A genotype challenging the efficacy of the current diagnostic tools. Therefore, applications of whole-genome sequencing are increasingly gaining popularity to overcome such challenges. Prominent echinocandin tolerance, as well as liver and kidney toxicity posed by amphotericin B, necessitate a continuous quest for novel antifungal drugs to combat emerging azole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates. Animal models and the tools used for genetic engineering require further refinement to facilitate a better understanding about the resistance mechanisms, virulence, and immune reactions orchestrated against A. fumigatus. This review paper comprehensively discusses the current clinical challenges caused by A. fumigatus and provides insights on how to address them.
Subject
DOI
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