2024-03-29T07:14:03Zhttp://repisalud.isciii.es/oai/requestoai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/138062024-01-30T20:37:33Zcom_20.500.12105_2060com_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_2061
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Arastehfar, A
author
Carvalho, A
author
Houbraken, J
author
Lombardi, L
author
Garcia-Rubio, Rocio
author
Jenks, JD
author
Rivero-Menendez, Olga
author
Aljohani, R
author
Jacobsen, ID
author
Berman, J
author
Osherov, N
author
Hedayati, MT
author
Ilkit, M
author
James-Armstrong, D
author
Gabaldón, T
author
Meletiadis, J
author
Kostrzewa, M
author
Pan, W
author
Lass-Flörl, C
author
Perlin, D S
author
Hoenigl, M
author
2021-09
The airborne fungus Aspergillus fumigatus poses a serious health threat to humans by causing numerous invasive infections and a notable mortality in humans, especially in immunocompromised patients. Mould-active azoles are the frontline therapeutics employed to treat aspergillosis. The global emergence of azole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates in clinic and environment, however, notoriously limits the therapeutic options of mould-active antifungals and potentially can be attributed to a mortality rate reaching up to 100 %. Although specific mutations in CYP51A are the main cause of azole resistance, there is a new wave of azole-resistant isolates with wild-type CYP51A genotype challenging the efficacy of the current diagnostic tools. Therefore, applications of whole-genome sequencing are increasingly gaining popularity to overcome such challenges. Prominent echinocandin tolerance, as well as liver and kidney toxicity posed by amphotericin B, necessitate a continuous quest for novel antifungal drugs to combat emerging azole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates. Animal models and the tools used for genetic engineering require further refinement to facilitate a better understanding about the resistance mechanisms, virulence, and immune reactions orchestrated against A. fumigatus. This review paper comprehensively discusses the current clinical challenges caused by A. fumigatus and provides insights on how to address them.
Stud Mycol. 2021 May 10;100:100115.
0166-0616
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/13806
34035866
10.1016/j.simyco.2021.100115
Studies In Mycology
Aspergillus fumigatus
Azole-resistance
Drug-resistance mechanism
Invasive aspergillosis
Aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillosis: From basics to clinics