Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/16050
Title
Persistent Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in Individuals with Oncohematological Diseases Who Underwent Autologous or Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation after Vaccination
Author(s)
Rodríguez-Mora, Sara ISCIII | Pérez-Lamas, Lucía | Sainero, Miriam Solera ISCIII | Torres, Montserrat ISCIII | Sánchez-Menéndez, Clara ISCIII | Corona, Magdalena | Mateos, Elena ISCIII | Casado-Fernández, Guiomar ISCIII | Alcamí, José ISCIII | García-Pérez, Javier ISCIII | Perez-Olmeda, Mayte ISCIII | Murciano-Antón, María Aranzazú | López-Jiménez, Javier | García-Gutiérrez, Valentín | Coiras, Mayte ISCIII
Date issued
2023-02
Citation
Cancers. 2023,15:2344.
Language
Inglés
Document type
research article
Abstract
The high morbimortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection in oncohematological diseases (OHD) and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients in the pre-vaccine era has made vaccination a priority in this group. After HSCT, the immune responses against common vaccines such as tetanus, varicella, rubella, and polio may be lost. However, the loss of immunity developed by COVID-19 vaccination after HSCT has not been completely defined. In this study, both humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed in 29 individuals with OHD who were vaccinated before receiving allogeneic (n = 11) or autologous (n = 18) HSCT. All participants had low but protective levels of neutralizing IgGs against SARS-CoV-2 after HSCT despite B-cell lymphopenia and immaturity. Although antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity was impaired, direct cellular cytotoxicity was similar to healthy donors in participants with autologous-HSCT, in contrast to individuals with allogeneic–HSCT, which severely deteriorated. No significant changes were observed in the immune response before and after HSCT. During follow-up, all reported post-HSCT SARS-CoV-2 infections were mild. This data emphasizes that COVID-19 vaccination is effective, necessary, and safe for individuals with OHD and also supports the persistence of some degree of immune protection after HSCT, at least in the short term, when patients cannot yet be revaccinated.
Subject
COVID-19 vaccine | Autologous transplantation | Allogeneic transplantation | Cytotoxic response | Humoral response
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