Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/12746
Title
Percepciones de médicas y médicos de atención primaria de Madrid sobre las medidas de ajuste en el sistema público de salud
Author(s)
Date issued
2016
Citation
Gac Sanit. 2016;30(3):184-90
Language
Español
Document type
journal article
Abstract
[ES] Objetivo: Para hacer frente a la actual crisis económica, las administraciones han impulsado medidas de ajuste que han afectado al sistema público de salud. Presentamos la percepción que de esas medidas tienen los/las médicos/as de atención primaria de dos centros de salud de Madrid.
Método: Se desarrolló un estudio cualitativo en dos centros de salud del distrito de Fuencarral-El Pardo (Madrid), que tiene tasas de paro y de población inmigrante superiores a la media de la ciudad. Se realizaron 12 entrevistas semiestructuradas a médicos/as de dichos centros. El análisis de la información se basó en el análisis del contenido clásico.
Resultados: Se identifican dos categorías: valoración de medidas de ajuste y valoración de la toma de decisiones en dicho proceso. Las personas entrevistadas manifiestan la necesidad de impulsar medidas que mejoren el sistema público de salud, pero expresan su desacuerdo con las implementadas. Consideran que no están basadas en la evidencia y que obedecen a una necesidad de ahorro a corto plazo. Creen que ha habido una mala comunicación de las medidas, sin la participación de profesionales sanitarios/as asistenciales en su priorización, elección e implementación. Consideran imprescindible esta participación porque son quienes conocen de forma práctica las disfunciones del sistema, teniendo más presente la centralidad del paciente.
Conclusiones: Se hace imprescindible que los poderes públicos incorporen activamente a profesionales sanitarios/as asistenciales en la toma de decisiones para garantizar la implementación de medidas basadas en la evidencia, con un alto respaldo profesional, manteniendo así la calidad asistencial.
[EN]
To address the current economic crisis, governments have promoted austerity measures that have affected the taxpayer-funded health system. We report the findings of a study exploring the perceptions of primary care physicians in Madrid (Spain) on measures implemented in the Spanish health system.
We carried out a qualitative study in two primary health care centres located in two neighbourhoods with unemployment and migrant population rates above the average of those in Madrid. Interviews were conducted with 12 primary health care physicians. Interview data were analysed by using thematic analysis and by adopting some elements of the grounded theory approach.
Two categories were identified: evaluation of austerity measures and evaluation of decision-making in this process. Respondents believed there was a need to promote measures to improve the taxpayer-funded health system, but expressed their disagreement with the measures implemented. They considered that the measures were not evidence-based and responded to the need to decrease public health care expenditure in the short term. Respondents believed that they had not been properly informed about the measures and that there was adequate professional participation in the prioritization, selection and implementation of measures. They considered physician participation to be essential in the decision-making process because physicians have a more patient-centred view and have first-hand knowledge of areas requiring improvement in the system.
It is essential that public authorities actively involve health care professionals in decision-making processes to ensure the implementation of evidence-based measures with strong professional support, thus maintaining the quality of care.
Subject
Atención primaria | Políticas de salud | Investigación cualitativa | Calidad | Perspectiva profesional | Servicios de salud | Primary care | Health policy | Qualitative research | Quality of health care | Health care systems
MESH
Health Care Rationing | Physicians, Primary Care | Delivery of Health Care | Female | Humans | Male | Primary Health Care | Qualitative Research | Spain
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