ISABIAL - Instituto de Investigación de Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (C. Valenciana)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/16989

El Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL) se constituye como un espacio de investigación biomédica multidisciplinar y traslacional orientado a la investigación básica, clínica, epidemiológica y en servicios de salud, que contribuirá a aumentar la calidad de la investigación biomédica desarrollada en Alicante, fruto de la asociación entre grupos de investigación e investigadores, incluyendo el ámbito de Atención Primaria, de las entidades que conforman el Instituto: Departamento de Salud Alicante-Hospital General, a través de la participación de la Conselleria de Sanitat Universal i Salut Pública; Universidad de Alicante (UA); Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH). Acreditado por el Instituto de Salud Carlos III como Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria en 2020, y renovando esta acreditación cada 5 años, forma parte así del total de 34 Institutos de Investigación Sanitaria acreditados existentes en la actualidad.

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Patient and Public Involvement in Malnutrition Disorders Health Research: A Methodological Systematic Review Protocol
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025-04-07) Garcia-Garcia, Arturo; Carretero-Randez, Cristina; Camacho-Bejarano, Rafaela; Roldán-Chicano, María Teresa; Castellano-Santana, Pedro Raúl; Camacho-Montaño, Lucia; Montero-Marco, Jesica; Charlo-Bernardos, Marta; Orts-Cortes, Maria Isabel
Background/Objectives: Older adults are particularly susceptible to undernutrition and conditions that can aggravate it, such as frailty and conditions associated with swallowing difficulties or dysphagia. To address these challenges, it is important to consider the perspectives of older adults and their caregivers, especially those with conditions such as frailty or cognitive impairment, as they can provide valuable insights on supporting nutrition in these vulnerable populations. This participatory approach requires structures formed by scientific research committees working together with other stakeholders, involving various actors at all stages of the research process. The aim of this study is to analyze the methodology for involving patients aged 65 and older with malnutrition or at risk of malnutrition as co-investigators in research. Methods: This protocol has been developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-P) checklist. A literature search will be carried out in the following electronic databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL. Through the COVIDENCE program, the research team will independently review the different screening phases of the identified studies for possible inclusion or exclusion. Expected Results: This systematic review will provide up-to-date evidence on the use of non-scientific actors at different stages of research. The main limitation stems from the use of non-scientific agents in a topic as specific as adults with or at risk of undernutrition, which may make it difficult to extrapolate the results to other settings. The registration number in PROSPERO is CRD42024444374.
Executive Summary of the Consensus Statement of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), the Spanish Society of Tropical Medicine and International Health (SEMTSI), the Spanish Association of Surgeons (AEC), the Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR), the Spanish Society of Thoracic Surgery (SECT), the Spanish Society of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (SERVEI), and the Spanish Society of Paediatric Infectious Diseases (SEIP), on the Management of Cystic Echinococcosis
(Elsevier, 2020) Belhassen-García, Moncef; Balboa Arregui, Óscar; Calabuig-Muñoz, Eva; Carmena, David; Esteban Velasco, Maria Del Carmen; Fuentes Gago, Marta; Fumado Pérez, Victoria; García Alonso, Jesús; García López Hortelano, Milagros; González Fernández, Luis Miguel; Herrero Martínez, Juan María; Iglesias Iglesias, Manuel José; Jiménez López, Marcelo; López-Vélez, Rogelio; Muñoz-Bellvis, Luis; Muro, Antonio; Pardo-Lledías, Javier; Peñaranda-Vera, Maria; Perteguer-Prieto, Maria Jesus; Picado, Albert; Quiñones Sampedro, Jose Edecio; Rodríguez-Guardado, Azucena; Royo Crespo, Íñigo; Salvador, Fernando; Sánchez-Montalvá, Adrián; Torrús-Tendero, Diego; Velasco Pelayo, Luis; Sociedad Española de Medicina Tropical y Salud Internacional
[EN] The Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), the Spanish Society of Tropical Medicine and International Health (SEMTSI), the Spanish Association of Surgeons (AEC), the Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR), the Spanish Society of Thoracic Surgery (SECT), the Spanish Society of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (SERVEI), and the Spanish Society of Paediatric Infectious Diseases (SEIP) considered it pertinent to issue a consensus statement on the management of cystic echinococcosis (CE) to guide healthcare professionals in the care of patients with CE. Specialists from several fields (clinicians, surgeons, radiologists, microbiologists, and parasitologists) identified the most clinically relevant questions and developed this Consensus Statement, evaluating the available evidence-based data to propose a series of recommendations on the management of this disease. This Consensus Statement is accompanied by the corresponding references on which these recommendations are based. Prior to publication, the manuscript was open for comments and suggestions from the members of the SEIMC and the scientific committees and boards of the various societies involved. [ES] La Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC), la Sociedad Española de Medicina Tropical y Salud Internacional (SEMTSI), la Asociación Española de Cirujanos (AEC), la Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR), la Sociedad Española de Cirugía Torácica (SECT), la Sociedad Española de Radiología Vascular e Intervencionista (SERVEI) y la Sociedad Española de Infectología Pediátrica (SEIP) han considerado pertinente la elaboración de una declaración de consenso sobre el tratamiento de la equinococosis quística (EQ) que sirva de ayuda al personal sanitario en la atención de pacientes con EQ. Varios tipos de profesionales (médicos, cirujanos, radiólogos, microbiólogos y parasitólogos) han seleccionado las preguntas más clínicamente relevantes y han desarrollado esta Declaración de consenso, en la que evalúan los datos basados en la evidencia disponibles para proponer una serie de recomendaciones sobre el tratamiento de esta enfermedad. Esta Declaración de consenso se acompaña de la bibliografía correspondiente que fundamenta estas recomendaciones. Antes de su publicación, el manuscrito estuvo abierto a comentarios y sugerencias de los miembros de la SEIMC y de los comités científicos y juntas directivas de las diferentes sociedades implicadas.
La búsqueda de información y su asociación con la producción científica: Obesidad, dieta y salud laboral
(Universidad de Granada (UGR) (España), 2024-09) Melián-Fleitas, Liliana; Franco Pérez, Álvaro Moisés; Sanz-Valero, Javier; Wanden-Berghe, Carmina
[ES] Introducción: Analizar la asociación entre la búsqueda de información sobre obesidad, dieta y seguridad y salud laboral a través de Google, y la producción científica sobre estas materias para conocer si el interés poblacional se relaciona con la actividad investigadora. Método: Los datos se obtuvieron de la consulta directa, online, a Google Trends (GT) con los términos obesidad, dieta y seguridad y salud laboral y en MEDLINE (vía PubMed), utilizando los Medical Subject Headings “Obesity”, “Diet, Food, and Nutrition” y “Occupational Health”. Las variables estudiadas fueron: volumen de búsqueda relativo (VBR), VBR mensual medio (VBRm), referencias (REF), volumen de referencias relativo (VRR) y Variabilidad. Resultados: Las tendencias obtenidas (VBRm) en GT fueron en los tres casos decrecientes: obesidad (R2 =0,33; p=0,009), dieta (R2=0,68; p<0,001); salud laboral (R2=0,41; p=0,002). Para los VRR obtenidos de MEDLINE fueron cre cientes para obesidad y dieta (R2=0,85; p<0,001 y R2=0,85; p<0,001); para salud laboral la tendencia fue no significa tiva (R2=0,03; p=0,509). La variabilidad obtenida para el VRR frente al VBRm (valor igual a 100) dio: obesidad -18,71, dieta -1,18 y salud laboral 63,65. Conclusiones: Se constató un interés creciente de la comunidad científica, medido por su producción, sobre obe sidad, dieta y salud laboral, mientras que el interés poblacional, sobre estos temas, fue decreciendo a lo largo del periodo estudiado, por lo que la relación producción científica versus búsquedas fue inversa. Por otro lado, se pudo observar un notorio desinterés, de la población e investigadores, en la importancia del lugar de trabajo como vector para la prevención y tratamiento de la obesidad. [EN] Introduction: Analyze the association between the search for information on obesity, diet, and occupational health and safety through Google, and scientific production on these topics to determine whether the population’s interest is related to the research activity. Method: Data were obtained from direct, online consultation of Google Trends (GT) with the terms obesity, diet and occupational health and safety and from MEDLINE (via PubMed), using the Medical Subject Headings “Obesity”, “Diet, Food, and Nutrition” and “Occupational Health”. The variables studied were: relative search volume (RSV), average monthly RSV (RSVa), references (REF), relative reference volume (RRV) and Variability. Results: The trends obtained (RSVa) in GT were decreasing in the three cases: obesity (R2=0.33; p=0.009), diet (R2=0.68; p<0.001); occupational health (R2=0.41; p=0,002). For the RRVs obtained from MEDLINE, were increasing for obesity and diet (R2=0.85; p<0.001 and R2=0.85; p<0.001); for occupational health the trend was non-significant (R2=0.03; p=0.509). The variability obtained for the RRV versus the RSVa (value equal to 100) gave: obesity -18.71, diet -1.18 and occupational health 63.65. Conclusions: There was a growing interest of the scientific community, measured by its production, in obesity, diet and occupational health, while the population’s interest in these topics was decreasing throughout the period stu died, so the relationship between scientific production and searches was inverse. On the other hand, it was possible to observe a notorious lack of interest, from the population and researchers, in the importance of the workplace as a vector for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
Comparison of seven prognostic tools to identify low-risk pulmonary embolism in patients aged <50 years
(2019-12-27) Jara-Palomares, Luis; Alfonso, Maria; Maestre, Ana; Jimenez, David; Garcia-Bragado, Fernando; Font, Carme; Lopez Reyes, Raquel; Hernandez Blasco, Luis; Vidal, Gemma; Otero, Remedios; Monreal, Manuel; RIETE investigators
In young patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE), the predictive value of currently available prognostic tools has not been evaluated. Our objective was to compare prognostic value of 7 available tools (GPS, PESI, sPESI, Prognostic Algorithm, PREP, shock index and RIETE) in patients aged <50 years. We used the RIETE database, including PE patients from 2001 to 2017. The major outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality. Of 34,651 patients with acute PE, 5,822 (17%) were aged <50 years. Of these, 83 (1.4%) died during the first 30 days. Number of patients deemed low risk with tools was: PREP (95.9%), GPS (89.6%), PESI (87.2%), Shock index (70.9%), sPESI (59.4%), Prognostic algorithm (58%) and RIETE score (48.6%). The tools with a highest sensitivity were: Prognostic Algorithm (91.6%; 95% CI: 85.6-97.5), RIETE score (90.4%; 95%CI: 84.0-96.7) and sPESI (88%; 95% CI: 81-95). The RIETE, Prognostic Algorithm and sPESI scores obtained the highest overall sensitivity estimates for also predicting 7- and 90-day all-cause mortality, 30-day PE-related mortality, 30-day major bleeding and 30-day VTE recurrences. The proportion of low-risk patients who died within the first 30 days was lowest using the Prognostic Algorithm (0.2%), RIETE (0.3%) or sPESI (0.3%) scores. In PE patients less 50 years, 30-day mortality was low. Although sPESI, RIETE and Prognostic Algorithm scores were the most sensitive tools to identify patients at low risk to die, other tools should be evaluated in this population to obtain more efficient results.
Learning, internalisation and integration of the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare workers: A qualitative document analysis
(Wiley, 2024-09-19) Abad-Corpa, Eva; Rich-Ruiz, Manuel; Sánchez-López, Dolores; Solano Ruiz, Carmen; Casado-Ramirez, Elvira; Arregui-Gallego, Beatriz; Moreno-Casbas, Teresa; Muñoz-Jiménez, Daniel; Vidal-Thomàs, María Clara; Company-Sancho, María Consuelo; Orts-Cortes, Maria Isabel; Fundación BBVA
The COVID-19 pandemic triggered an unprecedented health crisis that impacted healthcare systems worldwide. This study explores how Spanish healthcare workers learned, internalised and integrated values and work behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the personal sphere. This documentary research, using images, narratives and audiovisual content, was framed within the interpretative hermeneutic paradigm. Categories and subcategories emerged after a final theoretical sampling that focused on the analysis. Data triangulation between researchers favoured theoretical saturation. A total of 117 images and 27 texts were selected. The analysis identified three stages: bewilderment, seeking functionality in the chaos and integrating chaos into care. The data reflects how the need for security and knowledge, and the exhaustion and frustration caused by the initial working conditions, prompted adaptive responses. These responses involved focusing on problem-solving and strengthening group sentiments and solidarity. Subsequently, the data indicates the acceptance of new structural, organisational and communication aspects. The findings of the analysis will contribute towards finding a framework that can help understand community health crisis events.
Microbial Phenolic Metabolites Are Associated with Improved Cognitive Health
(Wiley, 2024-01) Domínguez-López, Inés; Galkina, Polina; Parilli-Moser, Isabella; Arancibia-Riveros, Camila; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Malcampo, Mireia; Martínez, J Alfredo; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Santos-Lozano, José Manuel; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora; Tur, Josep A; Rubín-García, María; Pintó, Xavier; Fernández-Aranda, Fernando; Delgado-Rodríguez, Miguel; Barabash-Bustelo, Ana; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Toledo, Estefanía; Atzeni, Alessandro; Asensio, Eva M; Vera, Natàlia; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Torres-Collado, Laura; Pérez-Farinós, Napoleón; Zulet, Marian; Chaplin, Alice; Casas, Rosa; Martín-Peláez, Sandra; Vaquero-Luna, Jessica; Gómez-Pérez, Ana Maria; Vazquez-Ruiz, Zenaida; Shyam, Sangeetha; Ortega-Azorín, Carolina; Talens, Natàlia; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J; Oncina-Canovas, Alejandro; Diez-Espino, Javier; Babio, Nancy; Fitó, Montserrat; Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa M
Scope: Diets rich in polyphenols has been associated with better cognitive performance. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between microbial phenolic metabolites (MPM) in urine and cognition in the context of an older population at high cardiovascular risk. Methods and results: A cross-sectional analysis is conducted in 400 individuals of the PREDIMED-Plus study. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry is used to identify urinary MPM. Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) adherence is estimated with a 17-item questionnaire and cognitive function is evaluated with a battery of neuropsychological tests. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models are fitted to assess the relationship of urinary MPM with the MedDiet and cognitive tests. Protocatechuic acid and enterolactone glucuronide are associated with higher adherence to the MedDiet. Regarding cognitive function, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid glucuronide, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, enterodiol glucuronide, and enterolactone glucuronide are directly associated with a global composite score of all the cognitive tests. Furthermore, protocatechuic acid and enterolactone glucuronide are associated with higher scores in the Mini-Mental State Examination, whereas enterodiol glucuronide is associated with improved Clock Drawing Test scores. Conclusions: These results suggest that the MedDiet is linked to MPM associated with better cognitive performance in an older population.
Association between type 2 diabetes and depressive symptoms after a 1-year follow-up in an older adult Mediterranean population
(Springer, 2024-01-13) Baenas, I; Camacho-Barcia, L; Granero, R; Razquin, C; Corella, D; Gómez-Martínez, Carlos; Castañer-Niño, O; Martínez, JA; Alonso-Gómez, ÁM; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, J; Estruch, R; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, J; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Cano-Ibáñez, N; Tur, Josep A; Martín-Sánchez, V; Pintó, X; Gaforio, J J; Matía-Martín, P; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, L; Ros, Emilio; Jiménez-Murcia, S; Dalsgaard, S; Garcia-Arellano, A; Babio, N; Sorli, Jose V; Lassale, C; García-de-la-Hera, M; Gómez-García, E; Zulet, MA; Konieczna, Jadwiga; Martín-Peláez, S; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Basterra-Gortari, FJ; de Las Heras-Delgado, S; Portoles, O; Muñoz-Pérez, MÁ; Arenas-Larriva, AP; Compañ-Gabucio, L; Eguaras, S; Shyam, Sangeetha; Fitó, M; Baños, RM; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Fernández-Aranda, F
Objectives: To examine the cross-sectional association between baseline depressive symptoms and the presence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and its association with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and other metabolic variables, and the prospective association of depressive symptoms and HbA1c after 1 year of follow-up. Methods: n = 6224 Mediterranean older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (48% females, mean age 64.9 ± 4.9 years) were evaluated in the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus study cohort. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II and HbA1c was used to measure metabolic control. Results: The presence of T2D increased the likelihood of higher levels of depressive symptoms (χ2 = 15.84, p = 0.001). Polynomial contrast revealed a positive linear relationship (χ2 = 13.49, p = 0.001), the higher the depressive symptoms levels, the higher the prevalence of T2D. Longitudinal analyses showed that the higher baseline depressive symptoms levels, the higher the likelihood of being within the HbA1c ≥ 7% at 1-year level (Wald-χ2 = 24.06, df = 3, p < .001, for the full adjusted model). Additionally, depressive levels at baseline and duration of T2D predicted higher HbA1c and body mass index, and lower physical activity and adherence to Mediterranean Diet at 1 year of follow-up. Conclusions: This study supports an association between T2D and the severity of depressive symptoms, suggesting a worse metabolic control from mild severity levels in the short-medium term, influenced by lifestyle habits related to diabetes care. Screening for depressive symptoms and a multidisciplinary integrative therapeutic approach should be ensured in patients with T2D.
Ultra-processed foods consumption as a promoting factor of greenhouse gas emissions, water, energy, and land use: A longitudinal assessment
(Elsevier, 2023-05-24) Garcia, Silvia; Pastor, Rosario; Monserrat-Mesquida, Margalida; Álvarez-Álvarez, Laura; Rubín-García, María; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Fito, Montserrat; Martínez, J Alfredo; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Santos-Lozano, José Manuel; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Cano-Ibañez, Naomi; Pintó, Xavier; Delgado-Rodriguez, Miguel; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Buil-Cosiales, Pilar; Martínez-Rodríguez, María Ángeles; Coltell, Oscar; Castañer, Olga; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Barceló Cañellas, María de la Concepión; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Zulet, Maria Ángeles; Konieczna, Jadwiga; Casas, Rosa; Massó-Guijarro, Paloma; Goicolea-Güemez, Leire; Rosa Bernal-Lopez, Maria; Bes-Rastrollo, Maira; Shyam, Sangeetha; González, José I; Zomeño-Fajardo, María Dolores; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J; González-Palacios, Sandra; Toledo, Estefanía; Khoury, Nadine; Perez, Karla Alejandra; Martín-Sánchez, Vicente; Tur, Josep A; Bouzas, Cristina
Background: Dietary patterns can produce an environmental impact. Changes in people's diet, such as the increased consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) can not only influence human health but also environment sustainability. Objectives: Assessment of the impact of 2-year changes in UPF consumption on greenhouse gas emissions and water, energy and land use. Design: A 2-year longitudinal study after a dietary intervention including 5879 participants from a Southern European population between the ages of 55-75 years with metabolic syndrome. Methods: Food intake was assessed using a validated 143-item food frequency questionnaire, which allowed classifying foods according to the NOVA system. In addition, sociodemographic data, Mediterranean diet adherence, and physical activity were obtained from validated questionnaires. Greenhouse gas emissions, water, energy and land use were calculated by means of the Agribalyse® 3.0.1 database of environmental impact indicators for food items. Changes in UPF consumption during a 2-year period were analyzed. Statistical analyses were conducted using computed General Linear Models. Results: Participants with major reductions in their UPF consumption reduced their impact by -0.6 kg of CO2eq and -5.3 MJ of energy. Water use was the only factor that increased as the percentage of UPF was reduced. Conclusions: Low consumption of ultra-processed foods may contribute to environmental sustainability. The processing level of the consumed food should be considered not only for nutritional advice on health but also for environmental protection. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN89898870. Registered 05 September 2013, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870.
The CARBA-MAP study: national mapping of carbapenemases in Spain (2014-2018)
(Frontiers Media, 2023) Gracia-Ahufinger, Irene; López-González, Laura; Vasallo, Francisco José; Galar, Alicia; Siller, María; Pitart, Cristina; Bloise, Iván; Torrecillas, Miriam; Gijón-Cordero, Desirée; Viñado, Belén; Castillo-García, Javier; Campo, Rainer; Mulet, Xavier; Madueño-Alonso, Ana; Chamizo-López, Francisco Javier; Arrastia-Erviti, Maitane; Galán-Sánchez, Fátima; Fernández-Quejo, Melisa; Rodríguez-Díaz, Juan Carlos; Gutiérrez-Zufiaurre, María Nieves; Rodríguez-Maresca, Manuel Angel; Ortega-Lafont, María Del Pilar; Yague-Guirao, Genoveva; Chaves-Blanco, Lucía; Colomina-Rodríguez, Javier; Vidal-Acuña, María Reyes; Portillo, María Eugenia; Franco-Álvarez de Luna, Francisco; Centelles-Serrano, María José; Azcona-Gutiérrez, José Manuel; Delgado-Iribarren García Campero, Alberto; Rey-Cao, Sonia; Muñoz, Patricia; Calvo-Montes, Jorge; Zboromyrska, Yuliya; Grandioso, David; Càmara, Jordi; Cantón, Rafael; Larrosa-Escartín, Nieves; Díaz-Regañón, Jazmín; Martínez-Martínez, Luis
Introduction: Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including isolates producing acquired carbapenemases, constitute a prevalent health problem worldwide. The primary objective of this study was to determine the distribution of the different carbapenemases among carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE, specifically Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae complex, and Klebsiella aerogenes) and carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa (CPPA) in Spain from January 2014 to December 2018. Methods: A national, retrospective, cross-sectional multicenter study was performed. The study included the first isolate per patient and year obtained from clinical samples and obtained for diagnosis of infection in hospitalized patients. A structured questionnaire was completed by the participating centers using the REDCap platform, and results were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 29.0.0. Results: A total of 2,704 carbapenemase-producing microorganisms were included, for which the type of carbapenemase was determined in 2692 cases: 2280 CPE (84.7%) and 412 CPPA (15.3%), most often using molecular methods and immunochromatographic assays. Globally, the most frequent types of carbapenemase in Enterobacterales and P. aeruginosa were OXA-48-like, alone or in combination with other enzymes (1,523 cases, 66.8%) and VIM (365 cases, 88.6%), respectively. Among Enterobacterales, carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae was reported in 1821 cases (79.9%), followed by E. cloacae complex in 334 cases (14.6%). In Enterobacterales, KPC is mainly present in the South and South-East regions of Spain and OXA-48-like in the rest of the country. Regarding P. aeruginosa, VIM is widely distributed all over the country. Globally, an increasing percentage of OXA-48-like enzymes was observed from 2014 to 2017. KPC enzymes were more frequent in 2017-2018 compared to 2014-2016. Discussion: Data from this study help to understand the situation and evolution of the main species of CPE and CPPA in Spain, with practical implications for control and optimal treatment of infections caused by these multi-drug resistant organisms.
Regulation of Cortico-Thalamic JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 MAPKs and Apoptosis-Related Signaling Pathways in PDYN Gene-Deficient Mice Following Acute and Chronic Mild Stress
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-01-24) Yáñez-Gómez, Fernando; Ramos-Miguel, Alfredo; García-Sevilla, Jesús A; Manzanares, Jorge; Femenía, Teresa
The crosstalk between the opioidergic system and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) has a critical role in mediating stress-induced behaviors related to the pathophysiology of anxiety. The present study evaluated the basal status and stress-induced alterations of cortico-thalamic MAPKs and other cell fate-related signaling pathways potentially underlying the anxiogenic endophenotype of PDYN gene-deficient mice. Compared to littermates, PDYN knockout (KO) mice had lower cortical and or thalamic amounts of the phospho-activated MAPKs c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1/2) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2). Similarly, PDYN-KO animals displayed reduced cortico-thalamic densities of total and phosphorylated (at Ser191) species of the cell fate regulator Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) without alterations in the Fas receptor. Exposure to acute restraint and chronic mild stress stimuli induced the robust stimulation of JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 MAPKs, FADD, and Akt-mTOR pathways, without apparent increases in apoptotic rates. Interestingly, PDYN deficiency prevented stress-induced JNK1/2 and FADD but not ERK1/2 or Akt-mTOR hyperactivations. These findings suggest that cortico-thalamic MAPK- and FADD-dependent neuroplasticity might be altered in PDYN-KO mice. In addition, the results also indicate that the PDYN gene (and hence dynorphin release) may be required to stimulate JNK1/2 and FADD (but not ERK1/2 or Akt/mTOR) pathways under environmental stress conditions.
Metabolic syndrome criteria and severity and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in an adult population
(BioMed Central (BMC), 2023-07-13) Garcia, Silvia; Pastor, Rosario; Monserrat-Mesquida, Margalida; Álvarez-Álvarez, Laura; Rubín-García, María; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Goday, Albert; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; Lopez-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Riquelme-Gallego, Blanca; Pintó, Xavier; Gaforio, José J; Matía, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Sayon-Orea, Carmen; Guillem-Saiz, Patricia; Valle-Hita, Cristina; Cabanes, Robert; Abete, Itziar; Goicolea-Güemez, Leire; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Tercero-Maciá, Cristina; Colom Fernández, Antoni; García-Ríos, Antonio; Castro-Barquero, Sara; Fernández-García, José Carlos; Santos-Lozano, José Manuel; Cenoz, Juan Carlos; Barragán, Rocío; Khoury, Nadine; Castañer, Olga; Zulet, María Ángeles; Vaquero-Luna, Jessica; Bes-Rastrollo, Maira; de Las Heras-Delgado, Sara; Ciurana, Ramon; Martín-Sánchez, Vicente; Tur, Josep A; Bouzas, Cristina
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a growing risk factor of some non-communicable diseases. Increase of greenhouse gas emissions affects the planet. Aims: To assess the association between MetS severity and amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted in an adult population. Design: Cross-sectional study (n = 6646; 55-76-year-old-men; 60-75-year-old-women with MetS). Methods: Dietary habits were assessed using a pre-validated semi quantitative 143-item food frequency questionnaire. The amount of CO2 emitted due to the production of food consumed by person and day was calculated using a European database, and the severity of the MetS was calculated with the MetS Severity Score. Results: Higher glycaemia levels were found in people with higher CO2 emissions. The risk of having high severe MetS was related to high CO2 emissions. Conclusions: Low CO2 emissions diet would help to reduce MetS severity. Advantages for both health and the environment were found following a more sustainable diet. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN89898870 . Registered 05 September 2013.
La Red de Investigación en Actividades Preventivas y Promoción de la Salud (redIAPP): una red de referencia e impulsora de la investigación en atención primaria
(Elsevier, 2023-07-21) Bolibar Ribas, Bonaventura; Llobera Cànaves, Joan; García-Ortiz, Luis; Bellón, Juan-Ángel; Ramos, Rafel; García-Campayo, Javier; Sánchez-Pérez, Álvaro; Claveria, Ana; Martínez, Vicente; Vicens, Enric; Minué, César; Gil-Guillen, Vicente; Berenguera, Anna; Moleras-Serra, Anna
[ES] La Red de Investigación en Actividades Preventivas y Promoción de la Salud (redIAPP), una red de referencia e impulsora de la investigación en atención primaria fue creada en 2003 gracias al programa Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS) del Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII). Su creación ha supuesto un cambio radical en la situación de la investigación en atención primaria. A lo largo de sus 19 años (2003-2021) han participado distintos grupos de investigación y comunidades autónomas, y se han desarrollado distintas líneas de investigación con numerosos proyectos y publicaciones. A pesar de las dificultades sufridas, ha creado una experiencia de investigación colaborativa entre distintas comunidades autónomas con gran vitalidad y con importantes resultados para la atención primaria. La redIAPP, por tanto, ha sido un gran referente para la investigación en atención primaria y para la profundización de su área de conocimiento. Se sugieren varias líneas de mejora para el futuro de la investigación en atención primaria. [EN] The Research Network on Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (redIAPP), a reference network and promoter of primary care research was created in 2003 thanks to the program Thematic Networks for Cooperative Research in Health (RETICS) of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII). Its creation has meant a radical change in the situation of research in primary care. Throughout its 19 years (2003-2021), different research groups and autonomous communities have participated, and different lines of research have been developed with numerous projects and publications. Despite the difficulties suffered, it has created a collaborative research experience between different autonomous communities with great vitality and with important results for primary care. The redIAPP, therefore, has been a great reference for research in primary care and for the deepening of its area of knowledge. Several lines of improvement are suggested for the future of primary care research.
Increased ultra-processed food consumption is associated with worsening of cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with metabolic syndrome: Longitudinal analysis from a randomized trial
(Elsevier, 2023-06-07) González-Palacios, Sandra; Oncina-Cánovas, Alejandro; García-de-la-Hera, Manuela; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Schröder, Helmut; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Cano-Ibañez, Naomi; Tur, Josep A; Martín-Sánchez, Vicente; Pintó, Xavier; Delgado-Rodriguez, Miguel; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Bes-Rastrollo, Maira; Atzeni, Alessandro; Sorli, Jose V; Zomeño-Fajardo, María Dolores; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J; Compañ-Gabucio, Laura M; Barón-López, Francisco J; Zulet, María Ángeles; Konieczna, Jadwiga; Casas, Rosa M; Garrido-Garrido, Eva M; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Gomez-Perez, Ana M; Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Palau-Galindo, Antoni; Saiz, Carmen; Pérez-Vega, Karla A; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Torres-Collado, Laura; Basterra-Gortari, Javier; Garcidueñas-Fimbres, Tany E; Malcampo, Mireia; Vioque, Jesus
Background and aims: The association between changes in ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors remains understudied. We evaluated the association between changes in UPF consumption over 12 months of follow-up and changes in CMR factors in adults diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Methods: We analysed data from 5373 adults (aged 55-75 years) participating in the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Diet was evaluated at baseline, 6- and 12-month visits using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and UPF consumption (in grams/day and percentage of total daily dietary intake in grams) was categorized based on NOVA classification. We used mixed-effects linear models with repeated measurements at baseline, 6 and 12 months of follow-up to assess the associations between changes in UPF consumption and changes in CMR factors adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyles variables. Results: In multivariable-adjusted models, when comparing the highest versus the lowest quartile of UPF consumption, positive associations were found for several CMR factors: weight (kg, β = 1.09; 95% confidence interval 0.91 to 1.26); BMI (kg/m2, β = 0.39; 0.33 to 0.46); waist circumference (cm, β = 1.03; 0.81 to 1.26); diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg, β = 0.67; 0.29 to 1.06); fasting blood glucose (mg/dl, β = 1.66; 0.61 to 2.70); HbA1c (%, β = 0.04; 0.01 to 0.07); triglycerides (mg/dl, β = 6.79; 3.66 to 9.91) and triglycerides and glucose index (β = 0.06; 0.04 to 0.08). Conclusions: Higher UPF consumption was associated with adverse evolution in objectively measured CMR factors after 12 months of follow-up in adults with metabolic syndrome. Further research is needed to explore whether these changes persist for longer periods.
Higher versus lower nut consumption and changes in cognitive performance over two years in a population at risk of cognitive decline: a cohort study
(Elsevier, 2023-06-01) Ni, Jiaqi; Nishi, Stephanie K; Babio, Nancy; Ros, Emilio; Basterra-Gortari, F Javier; Corella, Dolores; Castañer, O; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Santos-Lozano, José Manuel; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Cano-Ibáñez, Naomi; Tur, Josep A; Fernández-García, José Manuel; Pintó, Xavier; Delgado-Rodriguez, Miguel; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Fernández-Aranda, Fernando; Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Mestres Solà, Cristina; Portolés, Olga; Sala-Vila, Aleix; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Compañ-Gabucio, Laura María; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Zulet, M Angeles; Chaplin, Alice; Casas, Rosa; Martínez-Diz, Silvia; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Gómez-Pérez, Ana María; Toledo, Estefanía; Rios, Santiago; Ortega-Azorín, Carolina; de la Torre, Rafael; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J; Garcia-de la Hera, Manuela; Sayon-Orea, Carmen; Malcampo, Mireia; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Ni, Jiaqi; Nishi, Stephanie K; Babio, Nancy; Ros, Emilio; Basterra-Gortari, F Javier; Corella, Dolores; Castañer, O; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Santos-Lozano, José Manuel; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Cano-Ibáñez, Naomi; Tur, Josep A; Fernández-García, José Manuel; Pintó, Xavier; Delgado-Rodriguez, Miguel; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Fernández-Aranda, Fernando; Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Mestres Solà, Cristina; Portolés, Olga; Sala-Vila, Aleix; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Compañ-Gabucio, Laura María; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Zulet, M Angeles; Chaplin, Alice; Casas, Rosa; Martínez-Diz, Silvia; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Gómez-Pérez, Ana María; Toledo, Estefanía; Rios, Santiago; Ortega-Azorín, Carolina; de la Torre, Rafael; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J; Garcia-de la Hera, Manuela; Sayon-Orea, Carmen; Malcampo, Mireia; Salas-Salvado, Jordi
Background: Tree nuts and peanuts (henceforth, nuts) are nutrient-dense foods rich in neuroprotective components; thus, their consumption could benefit cognitive health. However, evidence to date is limited and inconsistent regarding the potential benefits of nuts for cognitive function. Objective: To prospectively evaluate the association between nut consumption and 2-y changes in cognitive performance in older adults at cognitive decline risk. Methods: A total of 6,630 participants aged 55 to 75 y (mean age 65.0±4.9 y, 48.4% women) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome completed a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests at baseline and a 2-y follow-up. Composite cognitive scores were used to assess global, general, attention, and executive function domains. Nut consumption was categorized as <1, ≥1 to <3, ≥3 to <7, and ≥7 servings/wk (1 serving=30 g). Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were fitted to assess associations between baseline nut consumption and 2-y cognitive changes. Results: Nut consumption was positively associated with 2-y changes in general cognitive function (P-trend <0.001). Compared with participants consuming <1 serving/wk of nuts, those categorized as consuming ≥3 to <7 and ≥7 servings/wk showed more favorable changes in general cognitive performance (β z-score [95% CI] = 0.06 [0.00,0.12] and 0.13 [0.06,0.20], respectively). No significant changes were observed in the multivariable-adjusted models for other cognitive domains assessed. Conclusion: Frequent nut consumption was associated with a smaller decline in general cognitive performance over 2 y in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. Randomized clinical trials to verify our findings are warranted.
Dietary Iron, Anemia Markers, Cognition, and Quality of Life in Older Community-Dwelling Subjects at High Cardiovascular Risk
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-10-19) Donat-Vargas, Carolina; Mico, Víctor; San-Cristobal, Rodrigo; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Fitó, Montserrat; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel Maria; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Damas-Fuentes, Miguel; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora; Tur, Josep A; Cinza-Sanjurjo, Sergio; Pintó, Xavier; Delgado-Rodríguez, Miguel; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Causso, Claudia; Ros, Emilio; Toledo, Estefanía; Manzanares, Josep Maria; Ortega-Azorín, Carolina; Castañer, Olga; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia Judith; Zazo, Juan Manuel; Muñoz Bravo, Carlos; Martinez-Urbistondo, Diego; Chaplin, Alice; Casas, Rosa; Cano Ibáñez, Naomi; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Gómez-Perez, Ana María; Pascual Roquet-Jalmar, Elena; Mestre, Cristina; Barragán, Rocío; Schröder, Helmut; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Candela García, Inmaculada; Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Babio, Nancy; Malcampo, Mireia; Daimiel, Lidia; Martínez, Alfredo
Anemia causes hypo-oxygenation in the brain, which could lead to cognitive disorders. We examined dietary iron intake as well as anemia markers (i.e., hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume) and diabetes coexistence in relation to neuropsychological function and quality of life. In this study, 6117 community-dwelling adults aged 55-75 years (men) and 60-75 years (women) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome were involved. We performed the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Trail Making Test parts A and B (TMT-A/B), Semantic Verbal Fluency of animals (VFT-a), Phonological Verbal Fluency of letter P (VFT-p), Digit Span Test (DST), the Clock Drawing Test (CDT), and the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF36-HRQL test). Dietary iron intake did not influence neuropsychological function or quality of life. However, anemia and lower levels of anemia markers were associated with worse scores in all neurophysiological and SF36-HRQL tests overall, but were especially clear in the MMSE, TMT-B (cognitive flexibility), and the physical component of the SF36-HRQL test. The relationships between anemia and diminished performance in the TMT-A/B and VFT tasks were notably pronounced and statistically significant solely among participants with diabetes. In brief, anemia and reduced levels of anemia markers were linked to inferior cognitive function, worse scores in different domains of executive function, as well as a poorer physical, but not mental, component of quality of life. It was also suggested that the coexistence of diabetes in anemic patients may exacerbate this negative impact on cognition. Nevertheless, dietary iron intake showed no correlation with any of the outcomes. To make conclusive recommendations for clinical practice, our findings need to be thoroughly tested through methodologically rigorous studies that minimize the risk of reverse causality.
Dietary intake of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans, adiposity and obesity status
(Elsevier, 2023-06-15) Khoury, Nadine; Martínez, María Ángeles; Paz-Graniel, Indira; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Corella, Dolores; Castañer, Olga; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora; Tur, Josep A; Sanjurjo, Sergio Cinza; Pintó, Xavier; Gaforio, José Juan; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Sayon-Orea, Carmen; Sorli, Jose V.; Pérez-Vega, Karla-Alejandra; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Bellvert, Nuria Gómez; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Zulet, MA; Chaplin, Alice; Casas, Rosa; Salcedo-Bellido, Inmaculada; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Rosa Bernal-Lopez, Maria; Vazquez-Ruiz, Zenaida; Asensio, Eva M; Goday, Albert; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J; Signes-Pastor, Antonio J; Garcia-Arellano, Ana; Fito, Montserrat; Babio, Nancy; Salas-Salvado, Jordi
Introduction: The principal source of exposure to Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDD/Fs) in humans comes from food intake. PCDD/Fs, are a family of potential endocrine disruptors and have been associated with different chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. However, studies assessing the relationship between dietary exposure to PCDD/Fs and adiposity or obesity status in a middle-aged population are limited. Objective: To assess cross-sectionally and longitudinally the associations between estimated dietary intake (DI) of PCDD/Fs and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and the prevalence/incidence of obesity and abdominal obesity in a middle-aged population. Methods: In 5899 participants aged 55-75 years (48% women) living with overweight/obesity from the PREDIMED-plus cohort, PCDD/Fs DI was estimated using a 143-item validated food-frequency questionnaire, and the levels of food PCDD/F expressed as Toxic Equivalents (TEQ). Consequently, cross-sectional and prospective associations between baseline PCDD/Fs DI (in pgTEQ/week) and adiposity or obesity status were assessed at baseline and after 1-year follow-up using multivariable cox, logistic or linear regression models. Results: Compared to participants in the first PCDD/F DI tertile, those in the highest tertile presented a higher BMI (β-coefficient [confidence interval]) (0.43kg/m2 [0.22; 0.64]; P-trend <0.001), a higher waist circumference (1.11 cm [0.55; 1.66]; P-trend <0.001), and a higher prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity (1.05 [1.01; 1.09] and 1.02 [1.00; 1.03]; P-trend = 0.09 and 0.027, respectively). In the prospective analysis, participants in the top PCDD/F DI baseline tertile showed an increase in waist circumference compared with those in the first tertile after 1-year of follow-up (β-coefficient 0.37 cm [0.06; 0.70]; P-trend = 0.015). Conclusion: Higher DI of PCDD/Fs was positively associated with adiposity parameters and obesity status at baseline and with changes in waist circumference after 1-year of follow-up in subjects living with overweight/obesity. Further large prospective studies using a different population with longer follow-up periods are warranted in the future to strengthen our results.
Comparative effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors agonists, 4-dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors, and metformin on metabolic syndrome
(Elsevier, 2023-05) Bouzas, Cristina; Pastor, Rosario; Garcia, Silvia; Monserrat-Mesquida, Margalida; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Goday, Albert; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Fernández-Barceló, Olga; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; Lopez-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Riquelme-Gallego, Blanca; Martín-Sánchez, Vicente; Pintó, Xavier; Delgado-Rodriguez, Miguel; Matía, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Cardenas-Salas, Jersy-Jair; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Toledo, Estefanía; Manzanares, Josep M; Gonzalez-Monge, Inmaculada; Muñoz, Miguel-Ángel; Martinez-Urbistondo, Diego; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Muñoz-Bravo, Carlos; Miralles-Gisbert, Salvador; Martin, Marian; García-Ríos, Antonio; Castro-Barquero, Sara; Fernández-García, José Carlos; Santos-Lozano, José Manuel; Basterra-Gortari, F Javier; Gutiérrez-Carrasquilla, Liliana; Guillem-Saiz, Patricia; Satorres, Alba; Abete, Itziar; Sorto-Sanchez, Carolina; Díez-Espino, Javier; Babio, Nancy; Fito, Montserrat; Tur, Josep A
Aims: To assess the comparative effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), 4-dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors (DPP-4I), and metformin treatment during one year on metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and severity in MetS patients. Methods: Prospective study (n = 6165 adults) within the frame of PREDIMED-Plus trial. The major end-point was changes on MetS components and severity after one- year treatment of GLP-1RA, DPP-4I, and metformin. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height and waist circumference), body mass index (BM), and blood pressure were registered. Blood samples were collected after overnight fasting. Plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma triglycerides and cholesterol were measured. Dietary intakes as well as physical activity were assessed through validated questionnaires. Results: MetS parameters improved through time. The treated groups improved glycaemia compared with untreated (glycaemia ∆ untreated: -1.7 mg/dL(± 13.5); ∆ metformin: - 2.5(± 23.9) mg/dL; ∆ DPP-4I: - 4.5(± 42.6); mg/dL ∆ GLP-1RA: - 4.3(± 50.9) mg/dL; and HbA1c: ∆ untreated: 0.0(± 0.3) %; ∆ metformin: - 0.1(± 0.7) %; ∆ DPP-4I: - 0.1(± 1.0) %; ∆ GLP-1RA: - 0.2(± 1.2) %. Participants decreased BMI and waist circumference. GLP-1RA and DPP-4I participants registered the lowest decrease in BMI (∆ untreated: -0.8(± 1.6) kg/m2; ∆ metformin: - 0.8(± 1.5) kg/m2; ∆ DPP-4I: - 0.6(± 1.3) kg/m2; ∆ GLP-1RA: - 0.5(± 1.2) kg/m2. and their waist circumference (∆ untreated: -2.8(± 5.2) cm; ∆ metformin: - 2.6(± 15.2) cm; ∆ DPP-4I: - 2.1(± 4.8) cm; ∆ GLP-1RA: - 2.4(± 4.1) cm. Conclusion: In patients with MetS and healthy lifestyle intervention, those treated with GLP-1RA and DPP-4I obtained better glycemic profile. Anthropometric improvements were modest.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and adherence to Mediterranean diet in an adult population: the Mediterranean diet index as a pollution level index
(BioMed Central (BMC), 2023-01-05) Garcia, Silvia; Bouzas, Cristina; Mateos, David; Pastor, Rosario; Álvarez, Laura; Rubín, María; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Goday, Albert; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; Lopez-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Riquelme-Gallego, Blanca; Pintó, Xavier; Gaforio, José J; Matía, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Bes-Rastrollo, Maira; Guillem-Saiz, Patricia; Nishi, Stephanie; Cabanes, Robert; Abete, Itziar; Goicolea-Güemez, Leire; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Signes-Pastor, Antonio José; Colom Fernández, Antoni; García-Ríos, Antonio; Castro-Barquero, Sara; Fernández-García, José Carlos; Santos-Lozano, José Manuel; Vázquez, Zenaida; Sorli, Jose V; Pascual, Maria; Castañer, Olga; Zulet, Maria Angeles; Vaquero-Luna, Jessica; Basterra-Gortari, F Javier; Babio, Nancy; Ciurana, Ramon; Martín-Sánchez, Vicente; Tur, Josep A
Background: Research related to sustainable diets is is highly relevant to provide better understanding of the impact of dietary intake on the health and the environment. Aim: To assess the association between the adherence to an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet and the amount of CO2 emitted in an older adult population. Design and population: Using a cross-sectional design, the association between the adherence to an energy-reduced Mediterranean Diet (erMedDiet) score and dietary CO2 emissions in 6646 participants was assessed. Methods: Food intake and adherence to the erMedDiet was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaire and 17-item Mediterranean questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics were documented. Environmental impact was calculated through greenhouse gas emissions estimations, specifically CO2 emissions of each participant diet per day, using a European database. Participants were distributed in quartiles according to their estimated CO2 emissions expressed in kg/day: Q1 (≤2.01 kg CO2), Q2 (2.02-2.34 kg CO2), Q3 (2.35-2.79 kg CO2) and Q4 (≥2.80 kg CO2). Results: More men than women induced higher dietary levels of CO2 emissions. Participants reporting higher consumption of vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, whole cereals, preferring white meat, and having less consumption of red meat were mostly emitting less kg of CO2 through diet. Participants with higher adherence to the Mediterranean Diet showed lower odds for dietary CO2 emissions: Q2 (OR 0.87; 95%CI: 0.76-1.00), Q3 (OR 0.69; 95%CI: 0.69-0.79) and Q4 (OR 0.48; 95%CI: 0.42-0.55) vs Q1 (reference). Conclusions: The Mediterranean diet can be environmentally protective since the higher the adherence to the Mediterranean diet, the lower total dietary CO2 emissions. Mediterranean Diet index may be used as a pollution level index.
Association of adiposity and its changes over time with COVID-19 risk in older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome: a longitudinal evaluation in the PREDIMED-Plus cohort
(BioMed Central (BMC), 2023-10-13) Shyam, Sangeetha; García-Gavilán, Jesús Francisco; Paz-Graniel, Indira; Gaforio, José J; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Corella, Dolores; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora; Tur, Josep A; Sanchez, Vicente Martin; Pintó, Xavier; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Fernandez-Aranda, Fernando; Nishi, Stephanie K; Garcia-Regata, Oscar; Toledo, Estefanía; Asensio, Eva M; Castañer, Olga; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Torres-Collado, Laura; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Zulet, M Angeles; Goñi-Ruiz, Nuria; Casas, Rosa; Cano-Ibáñez, Naomi; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Gómez-Perez, A M; Sorli, Jose V; Cinza-Sanjurjo, Sergio; Martín-Peláez, Sandra; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J; Oncina-Canovas, Alejandro; Perez-Araluce, Rafael; Zomeño, María Dolores; Chaplin, Alice; Delgado-Rodríguez, Miguel; Babio, Nancy; Fitó, Montserrat; Salas-Salvado, Jordi
Background: Cross-sectionally, older age and obesity are associated with increased coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) risk. We assessed the longitudinal associations of baseline and changes in adiposity parameters with COVID-19 incidence in older adults at high cardiovascular risk. Methods: This analysis included 6874 men and women (aged 55-75 years) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus lifestyle intervention trial for cardiovascular risk reduction. Body weight, body-mass-index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and a body shape index (ABSI) were measured at baseline and annual follow-up visits. COVID-19 was ascertained by an independent Event Committee until 31 December 2021. Cox regression models were fitted to evaluate the risk of COVID-19 incidence based on baseline adiposity parameters measured 5-6 years before the pandemic and their changes at the visit prior to censoring. Results: At the time of censoring, 653 incident COVID-19 cases occurred. Higher baseline body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and WHtR were associated with increased COVID-19 risk. During the follow-up, every unit increase in body weight (HRadj (95%CI): 1.01 (1.00, 1.03)) and BMI (HRadj: 1.04 (1.003, 1.08)) was associated with increased COVID-19 risk. Conclusions: In older adults with overweight/obesity, clinically significant weight loss may protect against COVID-19. Trial registration: This study is registered at the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial (ISRCT; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870).
Association of monetary diet cost of foods and diet quality in Spanish older adults
(Frontiers Media, 2023) Bouzas, Cristina; Pastor, Rosario; Garcia, Silvia; Monserrat-Mesquida, Margalida; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Schröder, Helmut; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; Lopez-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Riquelme-Gallego, Blanca; Romero-Secin, Anny; Pintó, Xavier; Gaforio, José J; Matía, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Zapatero, Miriam; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; García-Arellano, Ana; Babio, Nancy; Gonzalez-Monje, Inmaculada; Castañer, Olga; Abete, Itziar; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Benavente-Marín, Juan Carlos; Signes-Pastor, Antonio J; Konieczna, Jadwiga; García-Ríos, Antonio; Castro-Barquero, Sara; Fernández-García, José Carlos; Santos-Lozano, José Manuel; Bes-Rastrollo, Maira; Mestres, Cristina; Guillem-Saiz, Patricia; Goday, Albert; Goicolea-Güemez, Leire; Puig-Aguiló, Estanislao; Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Palau-Galindo, Antoni; Fito, Montserrat; Tur, Josep A
Background: A major barrier to a healthy diet may be the higher price of healthy foods compared to low-quality foods. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association between the monetary cost of food and diet quality in Spanish older adults at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was carried out in Spanish older adults (n = 6,838; 48.6% female). A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake. Metabolic syndrome severity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), adherence to a provegetarian dietary pattern, and dietary inflammatory index were assessed. The economic cost of the foods was obtained from the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food database (2015-2017, the period of time when the participants were recruited). The total cost of diet adjusted per 1,000 kcal was computed. Results: The healthier dietary pattern was associated with a higher cost of the diet. Higher adherence to the MedDiet, anti-inflammatory diet, and the healthy version of the provegetarian dietary pattern were related to higher costs of the diet. Conclusion: Higher diet quality was associated with a higher dietary cost of the diet per 1,000 kcal/day. Food prices can be an important component of interventions and policies aimed at improving people's diets and preventing diet-related chronic diseases.

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