ibs.GRANADA - Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Andalucía)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/16959

El ibs.GRANADA es un Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria creado el 14 de marzo de 2012, a partir de un acuerdo de colaboración firmado entre la Consejería de Salud y Familias de la Junta de Andalucía, la Universidad de Granada, el Servicio Andaluz de Salud y la Fundación Pública para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental–Alejandro Otero. El ibs.GRANADA se sitúa en el marco de colaboración entre la Universidad de Granada y los Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, centros con un alto nivel asistencial del Sistema Sanitario Público de la provincia de Granada, tanto de Atención Primaria como Atención Hospitalaria. Su órgano de gestión es la Fundación Pública para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental–Alejandro Otero (FIBAO) creada el 12 de junio de 2006. Acreditado por el Instituto de Salud Carlos III como Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria en 2015, y renovando esta acreditación cada 5 años, forma parte así del total de 34 Institutos de Investigación Sanitaria acreditados existentes en la actualidad.

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Internal Cumulated Dose of Toxic Metal(loid)s in a Population Residing near Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material Waste Stacks and an Industrial Heavily Polluted Area with High Mortality Rates in Spain.
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025-02-08) Contreras-Llanes, Manuel; Alguacil, Juan; Capelo, Rocío; Gómez-Ariza, José Luis; García-Pérez, Javier; Perez-Gomez, Beatriz; Martin-Olmedo, Piedad; Santos-Sánchez, Vanessa; Junta de Andalucía; Universidad de Huelva; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Consejería de Salud y Consumo de la Junta de Andalucía
Huelva is a city in SW Spain with 150,000 inhabitants, located in the proximity of two heavy chemical industry complexes, the highest naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) waste (phosphogypsum) stacks of Europe and a highly polluted estuary, with elevated cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality rates. This study analyses the association between cumulated exposure levels to 16 metal(loid)s (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Tl, U, V, and Zn) measured in the toenail of a sample ( = 55 participants) of the general control population of Huelva City who were involved in the MCC-Spain study and the spatial proximity patterns to the local polluting sources. Residents of the city of Huelva have higher levels of Fe, Ni, Cr, Se, As, and Co in their toenails compared to the levels found in populations with similar characteristics living in non-polluted areas. Moreover, the highest concentrations of As, Pb, Cd, Mo, and Se were found in toenails of participants living near the NORM waste stack, while the highest Cu, Zn, and Al contents corresponded to people residing near the industrial area. The spatial distribution of most of the metal(loid)s studied appears to be mainly controlled by anthropogenic factors.
Calibration of Toenail Metal Concentrations for Sample Mass Heterogeneity and Between-Batch Variability: The COMET Approach
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), 2025-04) Pastor-Barriuso, Roberto; Gutiérrez-González, Enrique; Varea-Jiménez, Elena; Gómez-Ariza, José Luis; Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma; Aragonés, Nuria; Molina, Antonio José; Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad; Fernández-Tardón, Guillermo; Amiano, Pilar; Ederra-Sanz, María; Moreno, Victor; Jiménez-Moleón, José Juan; Molina-Barceló, Ana; Marcos-Gragera, Rafael; Casabonne, Delphine; Alguacil, Juan; Gómez-Gómez, Jesús Humberto; García-Barrera, Tamara; Kogevinas, Manolis; Pollan-Santamaria, Marina; Perez-Gomez, Beatriz; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - CIBERESP (Epidemiología y Salud Pública); Scientific Foundation
Background: Toenails are promising biomarkers of long-term metal exposure in epidemiological studies, but their accuracy may be compromised by systematic and random errors associated with heterogeneous toenail sample masses, as well as by substantial variability across laboratory batches. Objectives: We propose a novel modeling approach to calibrate toenail metal concentrations for the heterogeneity in sample masses and the variability between batches. Methods: We developed a heteroscedastic spline mixed model relating sample mass and laboratory batch with measured concentrations, allowing for an average bias in measurements over all batches as a smooth function of sample mass, random variation in mass-related biases across batches, and mass-related heterogeneity in within-batch error variance. The model allowed partitioning the total variance of measured concentrations into the extraneous variances (due to different sample masses and laboratory batches) and the intrinsic variance (resulting from distinct metal exposures). We derived calibrated metal concentrations from the model by removing both sources of extraneous variation and estimating the predicted concentrations had all toenail samples been analyzed in a single batch and of the same mass. We provide the R script COMET (COrrected METals) to fit the proposed model, extract variance components, and calibrate metal concentrations. Results: In a multicase-control study in Spain (MCC-Spain) with toenail determinations for 16 metals in 4,473 incident cases of five common cancers and 3,450 population controls, sample mass and batch accounted for 26%-60% of the total variance of measured concentrations for most metals. In comparison with calibrated concentrations, odds ratios for measured concentrations were biased by > 10% toward or away from the null in one-quarter of the estimated metal-cancer associations. Discussion: The proposed model allows correcting toenail metal concentrations for sample mass heterogeneity and between-batch variability and could be applied to other biological specimens of heterogeneous size, distinct laboratory techniques, and different study designs.
Threat of preterm labor and preterm birth in the presence of Lachnoanaerobaculum gingivalis
(Sociedad Española de Quimioterapia (SEQ), 2024-12) Iglesias-Linares, Lucía; Román-de-la-Torre, Ana; Aguilera-Franco, María; Puertas-Prieto, Alberto; Medina-Pascual, Maria Jose; Gutiérrez-Fernández, José
Novel risk loci for COVID-19 hospitalization among admixed American populations
(eLife Sciences Publications, 2024-10-03) Diz-de Almeida, Silvia; Cruz, Raquel; Luchessi, Andre D; Lorenzo-Salazar, José M; López de Heredia, Miguel; Quintela, Inés; González-Montelongo, Rafaela; Nogueira Silbiger, Vivian; Porras, Marta Sevilla; Tenorio Castaño, Jair Antonio; Nevado, Julián; Aguado, José María; Aguilar, Carlos; Aguilera-Albesa, Sergio; Almadana, Virginia; Almoguera, Berta; Alvarez, Nuria; Andreu-Bernabeu, Álvaro; Arana-Arri, Eunate; Arango, Celso; Arranz, María J; Artiga, Maria-Jesus; Baptista-Rosas, Raúl C; Barreda-Sánchez, María; Belhassen-García, Moncef; Bezerra, Joao F; Bezerra, Marcos A C; Boix-Palop, Lucía; Brion, María; Brugada, Ramón; Bustos, Matilde; Calderón, Enrique J; Carbonell, Cristina; Castano, Luis; Castelao, Jose E; Conde-Vicente, Rosa; Cordero-Lorenzana, M Lourdes; Cortes-Sanchez, Jose L; Corton, Marta; Darnaude, M Teresa; De Martino-Rodríguez, Alba; Del Campo-Pérez, Victor; Diaz de Bustamante, Aranzazu; Domínguez-Garrido, Elena; Eirós, Rocío; Fariñas, María Carmen; Fernandez-Nestosa, María J; Fernández-Robelo, Uxía; Fernandez-Rodriguez, Amanda; Fernández-Villa, Tania; Gago-Dominguez, Manuela; Gil-Fournier, Belén; Gómez-Arrue, Javier; González Álvarez, Beatriz; González Bernaldo de Quirós, Fernan; González-Neira, Anna; González-Peñas, Javier; Gutiérrez-Bautista, Juan F; Herrero, María José; Herrero-Gonzalez, Antonio; Jimenez-Sousa, Maria Angeles; Lattig, María Claudia; Liger Borja, Anabel; Lopez-Rodriguez, Rosario; Mancebo, Esther; Martín-López, Caridad; Martín, Vicente; Martinez-Nieto, Oscar; Martinez-Lopez, Iciar; Martinez-Resendez, Michel F; Martinez-Perez, Angel; Mazzeu, Juliana F; Merayo Macías, Eleuterio; Minguez, Pablo; Moreno Cuerda, Victor; Oliveira, Silviene F; Ortega-Paino, Eva; Pompa-Mera, Ericka N; Parellada, Mara; Paz-Artal, Estela; Santos, Ney PC; Pérez-Matute, Patricia; Perez, Patricia; Pérez-Tomás, M Elena; Perucho, Teresa; Pinsach-Abuin, Mel·lina; Pita, Guillermo; Porras-Hurtado, Gloria L; Pujol, Aurora; Ramiro León, Soraya; Resino, Salvador; Fernandes, Marianne R; Rodríguez-Ruiz, Emilio; Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando; Rodriguez-Garcia, José A; Ruiz-Cabello, Francisco; Ruiz-Hornillos, Javier; Ryan, Pablo; Soria, José Manuel; Souto, Juan Carlos; Tamayo, Eduardo; Tamayo-Velasco, Álvaro; Taracido-Fernandez, Juan Carlos; Teper, Alejandro; Torres-Tobar, Lilian; Urioste, Miguel; Valencia-Ramos, Juan; Yáñez, Zuleima; Zarate, Ruth; de Rojas, Itziar; Ruiz, Agustín; Sánchez, Pascual; Real, Luis Miguel; SCOURGE Cohort Group; Guillén-Navarro, Encarna; Ayuso, Carmen; Parra, Esteban; Riancho, José A; Rojas-Martinez, Augusto; Flores, Carlos; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Unión Europea. Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER/ERDF); Banco Santander; Fundación La Caixa; Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España); Gobierno de Canarias (España); Fundación Canaria de Investigación Sanitaria; Xunta de Galicia (España); Fundación Amancio Ortega; Estrella de Levante; Colabora Mujer
The genetic basis of severe COVID-19 has been thoroughly studied, and many genetic risk factors shared between populations have been identified. However, reduced sample sizes from non-European groups have limited the discovery of population-specific common risk loci. In this second study nested in the SCOURGE consortium, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for COVID-19 hospitalization in admixed Americans, comprising a total of 4702 hospitalized cases recruited by SCOURGE and seven other participating studies in the COVID-19 Host Genetic Initiative. We identified four genome-wide significant associations, two of which constitute novel loci and were first discovered in Latin American populations ( and ). A trans-ethnic meta-analysis revealed another novel cross-population risk locus in . Finally, we assessed the performance of a cross-ancestry polygenic risk score in the SCOURGE admixed American cohort. This study constitutes the largest GWAS for COVID-19 hospitalization in admixed Latin Americans conducted to date. This allowed to reveal novel risk loci and emphasize the need of considering the diversity of populations in genomic research.
Guidelines for the standardization of pre-analytical variables for salivary biomarker studies in Alzheimer's disease research: An updated review and consensus of the Salivary Biomarkers for Dementia Research Working Group.
(Wiley, 2024-12-30) Ng, Ted K S; Udeh-Momoh, Chinedu; Lim, Mei-Ann; Gleerup, Helena Sophia; Leifert, Wayne; Ajalo, Catherine; Ashton, Nicholas; Zetterberg, Henrik; Rissman, Robert A; Winston, Charisse N; O' Bryant, Sid; Jenkins, Robert; Carro, Eva; Orive, Gorka; Tamburin, Stefano; Olvera-Rojas, Marcos; Solis-Urra, Patricio; Esteban-Cornejo, Irene; Santos, Gustavo Alves Andrade Dos; Rajan, Kumar B; Koh, David; Simonsen, Anja Hviid; Slowey, Paul D; Alzheimer's Association International Society to Advance Alzheimer's Research and Treatment: Biofluid Based Biomarkers Professional Interest Area Salivary Biomarkers for Dementia Research Working Group (ISTAART‐BBB‐PIA‐SWG)
There is a pressing need for accessible biomarkers with high diagnostic accuracy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis to facilitate widespread screening, particularly in underserved groups. Saliva is an emerging specimen for measuring AD biomarkers, with distinct contexts of use that could complement blood and cerebrospinal fluid and detect various analytes. An interdisciplinary, international group of AD and related dementias (ADRD) researchers convened and performed a narrative review of published studies on salivary AD biomarkers. We critically appraised the current state of the literature, examining both consistencies and discrepancies in existing pre-analytical variables and methodologies. We discussed how various pre-analytical variables could influence the detection and quantification of salivary biomarkers, showed technologies available to standardize collection procedures, and proposed a standardized pre-analytical protocol to guide future studies on salivary AD biomarker examinations. We identified potential contexts of use, gaps, and priorities and proposed future research directions. HIGHLIGHTS: Given its non-invasive nature, wider accessibility, and cultural acceptability, particularly in low-resourced settings, saliva is a biofluid complementary to blood and CSF. Current salivary AD biomarker studies do not control for many confounding pre-analytical variables during the sampling process, potentially leading to inaccurate salivary biomarker readings and conclusions, contributing to conflicting findings. Reviewing the current literature, including the consistencies and non-consistencies observed in the existing parameters and methodologies, discussing how they can affect salivary AD biomarker detection and quantification. Proposing a standardized salivary pre-analytical protocol, identifying the gaps and prioritizations needed to move this area forward, proposing future directions and potential contexts of use.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Long-Term Colorectal Cancer Survivors
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024-09-25) Marcos-Delgado, Alba; Martín-Sánchez, Vicente; Molina-Barceló, Ana; Alonso-Molero, Jéssica; Perez-Gomez, Beatriz; Pollán, Marina; Aragones, Nuria; Ederra-Sanz, María; Fernández-Tardón, Guillermo; Binefa, Gemma; Moreno, Victor; Barrios-Rodríguez, Rocío; Amiano, Pilar; Huerta, José María; Teso, Enrique Pastor; Alguacil, Juan; Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma; Kogevinas, Manolis; Molina de la Torre, Antonio José; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Unión Europea. Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER/ERDF); Junta de Castilla y León (España); Regional Government of Andalusia (España)
The aim of our study is to evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of individuals with Colorectal Cancer (CRC), tumour-intrinsic characteristics and treatment received with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of data from 805 survivors from the MCC study was conducted. HRQoL was assessed through a general and specific questionnaire, SF-12 and FCSI (Colorectal Symptom Index). Statistical analyses were performed with linear regression with adjustment for sociodemographic variables, stage at diagnosis and histological grade. Results: Participants had survived a median of 7.9 years from diagnosis (IQR 7.1-8.5 years). Age at diagnosis, sex and area showed a clear association with HRQoL in both physical and mental dimensions of the SF-12 questionnaire. A direct association between CRC recurrence was also found in the PCS-12 and MCS-12 dimensions and radical surgery in the PCS-12. Regarding the scores in FCSI questionnaire, statistically significant differences were observed by sex, age and area, with older women being the most impaired (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Age, sex and area was associated with lower scores of HRQoL among CRC survivors. Knowing the determinants related to HRQoL would allow us to lay the groundwork to develop strategies that help reduce morbidity and mortality, relapses and increase HRQoL.
Co-occurrence of the cephalosporinase cepA and carbapenemase cfiA genes in a Bacteroides fragilis division II strain, an unexpected finding
(Oxford University Press, 2024-07-01) Valdezate, Sylvia; Medina-Pascual, Maria Jose; Villalón, Pilar; Garrido, Noelia; Monzon-Fernandez, Sara; Cuesta de la Plaza, Isabel; Cobo, Fernando; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España); Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España); Plan Nacional de I+D+i (España)
Background: Bacteroides fragilis, an anaerobic gut bacterium and opportunistic pathogen, comprises two genetically divergent groups (or divisions) at the species level. Differences exist both in the core and accessory genomes and the beta-lactamase genes, with the cephalosporinase gene cepA represented only in division I and the carbapenemase gene cfiA only in division II. Methods: Multidrug resistance in a clinical B. fragilis strain was examined by whole-genome sequencing. Results: Strain CNM20200260 carried the antimicrobial resistance genes cepA, cfiA2, ant(6'), erm(F), mef(En2), est(T), tet(Q) and cat(A), along with 82-Phe mutation in gyrA (together with 47 amino acid changes in gyrA/B and parC/parE). bexA/B and other efflux pump genes were also observed. None of the detected insertion sequences was located upstream of cfiA2. The genome-based taxonomy coefficients (average nucleotide identity, DNA-DNA hybridization similarity and difference in genomic G + C%) with respect to genomes of the strains of B. fragilis division II and the novel species Bacteroides hominis (both cfiA-positive) met the criteria for CNM20200260 to belong to either species (>95%, >70% and <1%, respectively). No such similarity was seen with type strain NCTC 9343 or the representative genome FDAARGOS 1225 of B. fragilis (division I, cfiA-negative). Strain CNM20200260 harboured four out of nine Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes orthologues defined for division I and one of two defined for division II. Conclusions: This is the first description of the co-occurrence of cepA and cfiA in a Bacteroides strain, confirming the complexity of the taxonomy of this species.
Associations between Urinary Phthalate Metabolites with BDNF and Behavioral Function among European Children from Five HBM4EU Aligned Studies
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024-08-31) Salamanca-Fernández, Elena; Espín-Moreno, Lydia; Olivas-Martínez, Alicia; Pérez-Cantero, Ainhoa; Martín-Rodríguez, José L; Poyatos, Rafael M; Barbone, Fabio; Rosolen, Valentina; Mariuz, Marika; Ronfani, Luca; Palkovicova Murinova, Lubica; Fábelová, Lucia; Szigeti, Tamás; Kakucs, Réka; Sakhi, Amrit K; Haug, Line S; Lindeman, Birgitte; Snoj Tratnik, Janja; Kosjek, Tina; Jacobs, Griet; Voorspoels, Stefan; Jurdáková, Helena; Górová, Renáta; Petrovičová, Ida; Kolena, Branislav; Esteban-Lopez, Marta; Pedraza-Diaz, Susana; Kolossa-Gehring, Marike; Remy, Sylvie; Govarts, Eva; Schoeters, Greet; Fernández, Mariana F; Mustieles, Vicente; Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. Horizonte Europa; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. NextGenerationEU; Slovak Research and Development Agency (Republica Checa); Ministry of Health (República Checa); The Research Council of Norway
Based on toxicological evidence, children's exposure to phthalates may contribute to altered neurodevelopment and abnormal regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We analyzed data from five aligned studies of the Human Biomonitoring for Europe (HBM4EU) project. Ten phthalate metabolites and protein BDNF levels were measured in the urine samples of 1148 children aged 6-12 years from Italy (NACII-IT cohort), Slovakia (PCB-SK cohort), Hungary (InAirQ-HU cohort) and Norway (NEBII-NO). Serum BDNF was also available in 124 Slovenian children (CRP-SLO cohort). Children's total, externalizing and internalizing behavioral problems were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist at 7 years of age (only available in the NACII-IT cohort). Adjusted linear and negative binomial regression models were fitted, together with weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models to assess phthalate mixture associations. Results showed that, in boys but not girls of the NACII-IT cohort, each natural-log-unit increase in mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) and Mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) was cross-sectionally associated with higher externalizing problems [incidence rate ratio (IRR): 1.20; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.42 and 1.26; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.55, respectively]. A suggestive mixture association with externalizing problems was also observed per each tertile mixture increase in the whole population (WQS-IRR = 1.15; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.36) and boys (IRR = 1.20; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.49). In NACII-IT, PCB-SK, InAirQ-HU and NEBII-NO cohorts together, urinary phthalate metabolites were strongly associated with higher urinary BDNF levels, with WQS regression confirming a mixture association in the whole population (percent change (PC) = 25.9%; 95% CI: 17.6, 34.7), in girls (PC = 18.6%; 95% CI: 7.92, 30.5) and mainly among boys (PC = 36.0%; 95% CI: 24.3, 48.9). Among CRP-SLO boys, each natural-log-unit increase in ∑DINCH concentration was associated with lower serum BDNF levels (PC: -8.8%; 95% CI: -16.7, -0.3). In the NACII-IT cohort, each natural-log-unit increase in urinary BDNF levels predicted worse internalizing scores among all children (IRR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.32). Results suggest that (1) children's exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites is associated with more externalizing problems in boys, (2) higher exposure to DINCH may associate with lower systemic BDNF levels in boys, (3) higher phthalate exposure is associated with higher urinary BDNF concentrations (although caution is needed since the possibility of a "urine concentration bias" that could also explain these associations in noncausal terms was identified) and (4) higher urinary BDNF concentrations may predict internalizing problems. Given this is the first study to examine the relationship between phthalate metabolite exposure and BDNF biomarkers, future studies are needed to validate the observed associations.
Anticipated prehospital decision delay in response to different symptom clusters in acute coronary syndrome: Results from the Spanish Cardiobarometer study
(Elsevier, 2024-10) Petrova, Dafina; Garrido, Dunia; Catena, Andrés; Ramírez-Hernández, José Antonio; Blakoe, Mitti; Fernández-Martínez, Nicolás Francisco; Garcia-Retamero, Rocio; Sánchez, María José; Perez-Gomez, Beatriz; Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España); Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
Background and objective: Reducing patient decision delay - the time elapsed between symptom onset and the moment the patient decides to seek medical attention - can help improve acute coronary syndrome survival. Patient decision delay is typically investigated in retrospective studies of acute coronary syndrome survivors that are prone to several biases. To offer an alternative approach, the goal of this research was to investigate anticipated patient decision delay in the general population in response to different symptom clusters. Methods: We developed scenarios representing four commonly experienced symptom clusters: classic (chest symptoms only), heavy (a large number of very intense symptoms including chest pain), diffuse (mild symptoms including chest pain), and weary (mild symptoms without clear chest involvement). The scenarios were administered in random order in a representative survey of 1002 adults ≥55 years old from the non-institutionalized general population in Spain. We measured help-seeking intentions, anticipated patient decision delay (waiting >30 min to seek help), and symptom attribution. Results: Patient decision delay was most common in the diffuse scenario (55%), followed by the weary (34%), classic (22%), and heavy (11%) scenarios. Attributing the symptoms to a cardiovascular cause and intentions to call emergency services were least frequent in the weary and diffuse scenarios. Women were less likely to intend to seek help than men in the classic (OR = 0.48, [0.27, 0.85], diffuse (OR = 0.67, [0.48, 0.92]), and weary (OR = 0.66, [0.44, 0.98]) scenarios, despite being more likely to attribute symptoms to cardiovascular causes. Participants with traditional cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension) reported faster help-seeking, whereas participants with obesity and history of depression were more likely to delay. Discussion: The diverse manifestations of acute coronary syndrome generate fundamentally different appraisals. Anticipated patient decision delay varies as a function of socio-demographic characteristics and medical history, supporting findings from studies with patients who experienced ACS. Measuring anticipated patient decision delay in the general population can help reveal potential barriers to help-seeking and capture effects of population interventions.
Is a Gluten-Free Diet Enough to Maintain Correct Micronutrients Status in Young Patients with Celiac Disease?
(2020-03-21) Nestares, Teresa; Martín-Masot, Rafael; Labella, Ana; Aparicio, Virginia A; Flor-Alemany, Marta; López-Frías, Magdalena; Maldonado, José
The current study assesses whether the use of a gluten-free diet (GFD) is sufficient for maintaining correct iron status in children with celiac disease (CD). The study included 101 children. The celiac group (n = 68) included children with CD, with long (> 6 months) (n = 47) or recent (< 6 months) (n = 21) adherence to a GFD. The control group (n = 43) included healthy children. Dietary assessment was performed by a food frequency questionnaire and a 3-day food record. Celiac children had lower iron intake than controls, especially at the beginning of GFD (p < 0.01). The group CD-GFD >6 months showed a higher intake of cobalamin, meat derivatives and fish compared to that of CD-GFD <6 months (all, p < 0.05). The control group showed a higher consumption of folate, iron, magnesium, selenium and meat derivatives than that of children CD-GFD >6 months (all, p < 0.05). Control children also showed a higher consumption of folate and iron compared to that of children CD-GFD <6 months (both, p < 0.05). The diet of celiac children was nutritionally less balanced than that of the control. Participation of dietitians is necessary in the management of CD to guide the GFD as well as assess the inclusion of iron supplementation and other micronutrients that may be deficient.
Urinary concentrations of phthalate/DINCH metabolites and body mass index among European children and adolescents in the HBM4EU Aligned Studies: A cross-sectional multi-country study
(Elsevier, 2024-08) Desalegn, Anteneh; Schillemans, Tessa; Papadopoulou, Eleni; Sakhi, Amrit K; Haug, Line S; Henriette Caspersen, Ida; Rodríguez-Carrillo, Andrea; Remy, Sylvie; Schoeters, Greet; Covaci, Adrian; Laeremans, Michelle; Fernández, Mariana F; Pedraza-Diaz, Susana; Kold Jensen, Tina; Frederiksen, Hanne; Åkesson, Agneta; Cox, Bianca; Cynthia D'Cruz, Shereen; Rambaud, Loïc; Riou, Margaux; Kolossa-Gehring, Marike; Gerofke, Antje; Murawski, Aline; Vogel, Nina; Gabriel, Catherine; Karakitsios, Spyros; Papaioannou, Nafsika; Sarigiannis, Dimosthenis; Barbone, Fabio; Rosolen, Valentina; Lignell, Sanna; Karin Lindroos, Anna; Snoj Tratnik, Janja; Stajnko, Anja; Kosjek, Tina; Tkalec, Žiga; Fábelová, Lucia; Palkovicova Murinova, Lubica; Kolena, Branislav; Wimmerova, Sona; Szigeti, Tamás; Középesy, Szilvia; van den Brand, Annick; Zock, Jan-Paul; Janasik, Beata; Wasowicz, Wojciech; De Decker, Annelies; De Henauw, Stefaan; Govarts, Eva; Iszatt, Nina; Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. H2020
Background: Phthalates are ubiquitous in the environment. Despite short half-lives, chronic exposure can lead to endocrine disruption. The safety of phthalate substitute DINCH is unclear. Objective: To evaluate associations between urinary concentrations of phthalate/DINCH metabolites and body mass index (BMI) z-score among children and adolescents. Method: We used Human Biomonitoring for Europe Aligned Studies data from 2876 children (12 studies, 6-12 years, 2014-2021) and 2499 adolescents (10 studies, 12-18 years, 2014-2021) with up to 14 phthalate/DINCH urinary metabolites. We used multilevel linear regression to assess associations between phthalate/DINCH concentrations and BMI z-scores, testing effect modification by sex. In a subset, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and quantile-based g-computation assessed important predictors and mixture effects. Results: In children, we found few associations in single pollutant models and no interactions by sex (p-interaction > 0.1). BKMR detected no relevant exposures (posterior inclusion probabilities, PIPs < 0.25), nor joint mixture effect. In adolescent single pollutant analysis, mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) concentrations were associated with higher BMI z-score in males (β = 0.08, 95 % CI: 0.001,0.15, per interquartile range increase in ln-transformed concentrations, p-interaction = 0.06). Conversely, mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) was associated with a lower BMI z-score in both sexes (β = -0.13, 95 % CI: -0.19, -0.07, p-interaction = 0.74), as was sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (∑DEHP) metabolites in females only (β = -0.08, 95 % CI: -0.14, -0.02, p-interaction = 0.01). In BKMR, higher BMI z-scores were predicted by MEP (PIP=0.90) and MBzP (PIP=0.84) in males. Lower BMI z-scores were predicted by MiBP (PIP=0.999), OH-MIDP (PIP=0.88) and OH-MINCH (PIP=0.72) in both sexes, less robustly by DEHP (PIP=0.61) in females. In quantile g-computation, the overall mixture effect was null for males, and trended negative for females (β = -0.11, 95 % CI: -0.25, 0.03, per joint exposure quantile). Conclusion: In this large Europe-wide study, we found age/sex-specific differences between phthalate metabolites and BMI z-score, stronger in adolescents. Longitudinal studies with repeated phthalate measurements are needed.
Association between type 2 diabetes and depressive symptoms after a 1-year follow-up in an older adult Mediterranean population
(Springer, 2024-01-13) Baenas, I; Camacho-Barcia, L; Granero, R; Razquin, C; Corella, D; Gómez-Martínez, Carlos; Castañer-Niño, O; Martínez, JA; Alonso-Gómez, ÁM; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, J; Estruch, R; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, J; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Cano-Ibáñez, N; Tur, Josep A; Martín-Sánchez, V; Pintó, X; Gaforio, J J; Matía-Martín, P; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, L; Ros, Emilio; Jiménez-Murcia, S; Dalsgaard, S; Garcia-Arellano, A; Babio, N; Sorli, Jose V; Lassale, C; García-de-la-Hera, M; Gómez-García, E; Zulet, MA; Konieczna, Jadwiga; Martín-Peláez, S; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Basterra-Gortari, FJ; de Las Heras-Delgado, S; Portoles, O; Muñoz-Pérez, MÁ; Arenas-Larriva, AP; Compañ-Gabucio, L; Eguaras, S; Shyam, Sangeetha; Fitó, M; Baños, RM; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Fernández-Aranda, F
Objectives: To examine the cross-sectional association between baseline depressive symptoms and the presence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and its association with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and other metabolic variables, and the prospective association of depressive symptoms and HbA1c after 1 year of follow-up. Methods: n = 6224 Mediterranean older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (48% females, mean age 64.9 ± 4.9 years) were evaluated in the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus study cohort. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II and HbA1c was used to measure metabolic control. Results: The presence of T2D increased the likelihood of higher levels of depressive symptoms (χ2 = 15.84, p = 0.001). Polynomial contrast revealed a positive linear relationship (χ2 = 13.49, p = 0.001), the higher the depressive symptoms levels, the higher the prevalence of T2D. Longitudinal analyses showed that the higher baseline depressive symptoms levels, the higher the likelihood of being within the HbA1c ≥ 7% at 1-year level (Wald-χ2 = 24.06, df = 3, p < .001, for the full adjusted model). Additionally, depressive levels at baseline and duration of T2D predicted higher HbA1c and body mass index, and lower physical activity and adherence to Mediterranean Diet at 1 year of follow-up. Conclusions: This study supports an association between T2D and the severity of depressive symptoms, suggesting a worse metabolic control from mild severity levels in the short-medium term, influenced by lifestyle habits related to diabetes care. Screening for depressive symptoms and a multidisciplinary integrative therapeutic approach should be ensured in patients with T2D.
Ultra-processed foods consumption as a promoting factor of greenhouse gas emissions, water, energy, and land use: A longitudinal assessment
(Elsevier, 2023-05-24) Garcia, Silvia; Pastor, Rosario; Monserrat-Mesquida, Margalida; Álvarez-Álvarez, Laura; Rubín-García, María; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Fito, Montserrat; Martínez, J Alfredo; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Santos-Lozano, José Manuel; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Cano-Ibañez, Naomi; Pintó, Xavier; Delgado-Rodriguez, Miguel; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Buil-Cosiales, Pilar; Martínez-Rodríguez, María Ángeles; Coltell, Oscar; Castañer, Olga; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Barceló Cañellas, María de la Concepión; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Zulet, Maria Ángeles; Konieczna, Jadwiga; Casas, Rosa; Massó-Guijarro, Paloma; Goicolea-Güemez, Leire; Rosa Bernal-Lopez, Maria; Bes-Rastrollo, Maira; Shyam, Sangeetha; González, José I; Zomeño-Fajardo, María Dolores; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J; González-Palacios, Sandra; Toledo, Estefanía; Khoury, Nadine; Perez, Karla Alejandra; Martín-Sánchez, Vicente; Tur, Josep A; Bouzas, Cristina
Background: Dietary patterns can produce an environmental impact. Changes in people's diet, such as the increased consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) can not only influence human health but also environment sustainability. Objectives: Assessment of the impact of 2-year changes in UPF consumption on greenhouse gas emissions and water, energy and land use. Design: A 2-year longitudinal study after a dietary intervention including 5879 participants from a Southern European population between the ages of 55-75 years with metabolic syndrome. Methods: Food intake was assessed using a validated 143-item food frequency questionnaire, which allowed classifying foods according to the NOVA system. In addition, sociodemographic data, Mediterranean diet adherence, and physical activity were obtained from validated questionnaires. Greenhouse gas emissions, water, energy and land use were calculated by means of the Agribalyse® 3.0.1 database of environmental impact indicators for food items. Changes in UPF consumption during a 2-year period were analyzed. Statistical analyses were conducted using computed General Linear Models. Results: Participants with major reductions in their UPF consumption reduced their impact by -0.6 kg of CO2eq and -5.3 MJ of energy. Water use was the only factor that increased as the percentage of UPF was reduced. Conclusions: Low consumption of ultra-processed foods may contribute to environmental sustainability. The processing level of the consumed food should be considered not only for nutritional advice on health but also for environmental protection. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN89898870. Registered 05 September 2013, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870.
Nutrition Status of Female Winter Sports Athletes
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-10-22) Jiménez-Casquet, María José; Conde-Pipó, Javier; Valenzuela-Barranco, Ignacio; Rienda-Contreras, Raquel; Olea-Serrano, Fátima; Bouzas, Cristina; Tur, Josep A; Mariscal-Arcas, Miguel
Eating disorders, especially restrictive eating, are common among female athletes. There are two main types of winter sports: those that are practiced outdoors on snow (-25 to +5 °C and 2500 m), such as alpine skiing and snowboarding, and those that are practiced indoors on ice (5-10 °C at low altitude), such as figure skating and ice hockey. The aim of this research was to identify the nutritional status and potential risk of female athletes practicing winter sports, considering the altitude of training. The sample was composed of 58 women (aged 19.81 years (SD: 12.61)) who were competitors in some winter sports. Anthropometrics and nutritional variables were taken. Statistically significant differences were found between HA and LA groups for all the characteristics except thigh skinfold, and neither group had an energy intake (EI) that matched their total energy expenditure (TEE). Both groups met at least two-thirds of the RDI for all minerals and vitamins except iodine, fluorine, vitamin D, vitamin E, and retinol. This study suggests that female winter sports athletes have insufficient energy, vitamin, and mineral intake, which can be worsened with altitude.
Increased ultra-processed food consumption is associated with worsening of cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with metabolic syndrome: Longitudinal analysis from a randomized trial
(Elsevier, 2023-06-07) González-Palacios, Sandra; Oncina-Cánovas, Alejandro; García-de-la-Hera, Manuela; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Schröder, Helmut; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Cano-Ibañez, Naomi; Tur, Josep A; Martín-Sánchez, Vicente; Pintó, Xavier; Delgado-Rodriguez, Miguel; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Bes-Rastrollo, Maira; Atzeni, Alessandro; Sorli, Jose V; Zomeño-Fajardo, María Dolores; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J; Compañ-Gabucio, Laura M; Barón-López, Francisco J; Zulet, María Ángeles; Konieczna, Jadwiga; Casas, Rosa M; Garrido-Garrido, Eva M; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Gomez-Perez, Ana M; Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Palau-Galindo, Antoni; Saiz, Carmen; Pérez-Vega, Karla A; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Torres-Collado, Laura; Basterra-Gortari, Javier; Garcidueñas-Fimbres, Tany E; Malcampo, Mireia; Vioque, Jesus
Background and aims: The association between changes in ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors remains understudied. We evaluated the association between changes in UPF consumption over 12 months of follow-up and changes in CMR factors in adults diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Methods: We analysed data from 5373 adults (aged 55-75 years) participating in the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Diet was evaluated at baseline, 6- and 12-month visits using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and UPF consumption (in grams/day and percentage of total daily dietary intake in grams) was categorized based on NOVA classification. We used mixed-effects linear models with repeated measurements at baseline, 6 and 12 months of follow-up to assess the associations between changes in UPF consumption and changes in CMR factors adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyles variables. Results: In multivariable-adjusted models, when comparing the highest versus the lowest quartile of UPF consumption, positive associations were found for several CMR factors: weight (kg, β = 1.09; 95% confidence interval 0.91 to 1.26); BMI (kg/m2, β = 0.39; 0.33 to 0.46); waist circumference (cm, β = 1.03; 0.81 to 1.26); diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg, β = 0.67; 0.29 to 1.06); fasting blood glucose (mg/dl, β = 1.66; 0.61 to 2.70); HbA1c (%, β = 0.04; 0.01 to 0.07); triglycerides (mg/dl, β = 6.79; 3.66 to 9.91) and triglycerides and glucose index (β = 0.06; 0.04 to 0.08). Conclusions: Higher UPF consumption was associated with adverse evolution in objectively measured CMR factors after 12 months of follow-up in adults with metabolic syndrome. Further research is needed to explore whether these changes persist for longer periods.
Higher versus lower nut consumption and changes in cognitive performance over two years in a population at risk of cognitive decline: a cohort study
(Elsevier, 2023-06-01) Ni, Jiaqi; Nishi, Stephanie K; Babio, Nancy; Ros, Emilio; Basterra-Gortari, F Javier; Corella, Dolores; Castañer, O; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Santos-Lozano, José Manuel; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Cano-Ibáñez, Naomi; Tur, Josep A; Fernández-García, José Manuel; Pintó, Xavier; Delgado-Rodriguez, Miguel; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Fernández-Aranda, Fernando; Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Mestres Solà, Cristina; Portolés, Olga; Sala-Vila, Aleix; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Compañ-Gabucio, Laura María; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Zulet, M Angeles; Chaplin, Alice; Casas, Rosa; Martínez-Diz, Silvia; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Gómez-Pérez, Ana María; Toledo, Estefanía; Rios, Santiago; Ortega-Azorín, Carolina; de la Torre, Rafael; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J; Garcia-de la Hera, Manuela; Sayon-Orea, Carmen; Malcampo, Mireia; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Ni, Jiaqi; Nishi, Stephanie K; Babio, Nancy; Ros, Emilio; Basterra-Gortari, F Javier; Corella, Dolores; Castañer, O; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Santos-Lozano, José Manuel; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Cano-Ibáñez, Naomi; Tur, Josep A; Fernández-García, José Manuel; Pintó, Xavier; Delgado-Rodriguez, Miguel; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Fernández-Aranda, Fernando; Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Mestres Solà, Cristina; Portolés, Olga; Sala-Vila, Aleix; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Compañ-Gabucio, Laura María; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Zulet, M Angeles; Chaplin, Alice; Casas, Rosa; Martínez-Diz, Silvia; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Gómez-Pérez, Ana María; Toledo, Estefanía; Rios, Santiago; Ortega-Azorín, Carolina; de la Torre, Rafael; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J; Garcia-de la Hera, Manuela; Sayon-Orea, Carmen; Malcampo, Mireia; Salas-Salvado, Jordi
Background: Tree nuts and peanuts (henceforth, nuts) are nutrient-dense foods rich in neuroprotective components; thus, their consumption could benefit cognitive health. However, evidence to date is limited and inconsistent regarding the potential benefits of nuts for cognitive function. Objective: To prospectively evaluate the association between nut consumption and 2-y changes in cognitive performance in older adults at cognitive decline risk. Methods: A total of 6,630 participants aged 55 to 75 y (mean age 65.0±4.9 y, 48.4% women) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome completed a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests at baseline and a 2-y follow-up. Composite cognitive scores were used to assess global, general, attention, and executive function domains. Nut consumption was categorized as <1, ≥1 to <3, ≥3 to <7, and ≥7 servings/wk (1 serving=30 g). Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were fitted to assess associations between baseline nut consumption and 2-y cognitive changes. Results: Nut consumption was positively associated with 2-y changes in general cognitive function (P-trend <0.001). Compared with participants consuming <1 serving/wk of nuts, those categorized as consuming ≥3 to <7 and ≥7 servings/wk showed more favorable changes in general cognitive performance (β z-score [95% CI] = 0.06 [0.00,0.12] and 0.13 [0.06,0.20], respectively). No significant changes were observed in the multivariable-adjusted models for other cognitive domains assessed. Conclusion: Frequent nut consumption was associated with a smaller decline in general cognitive performance over 2 y in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. Randomized clinical trials to verify our findings are warranted.
Dietary Iron, Anemia Markers, Cognition, and Quality of Life in Older Community-Dwelling Subjects at High Cardiovascular Risk
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-10-19) Donat-Vargas, Carolina; Mico, Víctor; San-Cristobal, Rodrigo; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Fitó, Montserrat; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel Maria; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Damas-Fuentes, Miguel; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora; Tur, Josep A; Cinza-Sanjurjo, Sergio; Pintó, Xavier; Delgado-Rodríguez, Miguel; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Causso, Claudia; Ros, Emilio; Toledo, Estefanía; Manzanares, Josep Maria; Ortega-Azorín, Carolina; Castañer, Olga; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia Judith; Zazo, Juan Manuel; Muñoz Bravo, Carlos; Martinez-Urbistondo, Diego; Chaplin, Alice; Casas, Rosa; Cano Ibáñez, Naomi; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Gómez-Perez, Ana María; Pascual Roquet-Jalmar, Elena; Mestre, Cristina; Barragán, Rocío; Schröder, Helmut; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Candela García, Inmaculada; Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Babio, Nancy; Malcampo, Mireia; Daimiel, Lidia; Martínez, Alfredo
Anemia causes hypo-oxygenation in the brain, which could lead to cognitive disorders. We examined dietary iron intake as well as anemia markers (i.e., hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume) and diabetes coexistence in relation to neuropsychological function and quality of life. In this study, 6117 community-dwelling adults aged 55-75 years (men) and 60-75 years (women) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome were involved. We performed the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Trail Making Test parts A and B (TMT-A/B), Semantic Verbal Fluency of animals (VFT-a), Phonological Verbal Fluency of letter P (VFT-p), Digit Span Test (DST), the Clock Drawing Test (CDT), and the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF36-HRQL test). Dietary iron intake did not influence neuropsychological function or quality of life. However, anemia and lower levels of anemia markers were associated with worse scores in all neurophysiological and SF36-HRQL tests overall, but were especially clear in the MMSE, TMT-B (cognitive flexibility), and the physical component of the SF36-HRQL test. The relationships between anemia and diminished performance in the TMT-A/B and VFT tasks were notably pronounced and statistically significant solely among participants with diabetes. In brief, anemia and reduced levels of anemia markers were linked to inferior cognitive function, worse scores in different domains of executive function, as well as a poorer physical, but not mental, component of quality of life. It was also suggested that the coexistence of diabetes in anemic patients may exacerbate this negative impact on cognition. Nevertheless, dietary iron intake showed no correlation with any of the outcomes. To make conclusive recommendations for clinical practice, our findings need to be thoroughly tested through methodologically rigorous studies that minimize the risk of reverse causality.
Dietary intake of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans, adiposity and obesity status
(Elsevier, 2023-06-15) Khoury, Nadine; Martínez, María Ángeles; Paz-Graniel, Indira; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Corella, Dolores; Castañer, Olga; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora; Tur, Josep A; Sanjurjo, Sergio Cinza; Pintó, Xavier; Gaforio, José Juan; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Sayon-Orea, Carmen; Sorli, Jose V.; Pérez-Vega, Karla-Alejandra; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Bellvert, Nuria Gómez; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Zulet, MA; Chaplin, Alice; Casas, Rosa; Salcedo-Bellido, Inmaculada; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Rosa Bernal-Lopez, Maria; Vazquez-Ruiz, Zenaida; Asensio, Eva M; Goday, Albert; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J; Signes-Pastor, Antonio J; Garcia-Arellano, Ana; Fito, Montserrat; Babio, Nancy; Salas-Salvado, Jordi
Introduction: The principal source of exposure to Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDD/Fs) in humans comes from food intake. PCDD/Fs, are a family of potential endocrine disruptors and have been associated with different chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. However, studies assessing the relationship between dietary exposure to PCDD/Fs and adiposity or obesity status in a middle-aged population are limited. Objective: To assess cross-sectionally and longitudinally the associations between estimated dietary intake (DI) of PCDD/Fs and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and the prevalence/incidence of obesity and abdominal obesity in a middle-aged population. Methods: In 5899 participants aged 55-75 years (48% women) living with overweight/obesity from the PREDIMED-plus cohort, PCDD/Fs DI was estimated using a 143-item validated food-frequency questionnaire, and the levels of food PCDD/F expressed as Toxic Equivalents (TEQ). Consequently, cross-sectional and prospective associations between baseline PCDD/Fs DI (in pgTEQ/week) and adiposity or obesity status were assessed at baseline and after 1-year follow-up using multivariable cox, logistic or linear regression models. Results: Compared to participants in the first PCDD/F DI tertile, those in the highest tertile presented a higher BMI (β-coefficient [confidence interval]) (0.43kg/m2 [0.22; 0.64]; P-trend <0.001), a higher waist circumference (1.11 cm [0.55; 1.66]; P-trend <0.001), and a higher prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity (1.05 [1.01; 1.09] and 1.02 [1.00; 1.03]; P-trend = 0.09 and 0.027, respectively). In the prospective analysis, participants in the top PCDD/F DI baseline tertile showed an increase in waist circumference compared with those in the first tertile after 1-year of follow-up (β-coefficient 0.37 cm [0.06; 0.70]; P-trend = 0.015). Conclusion: Higher DI of PCDD/Fs was positively associated with adiposity parameters and obesity status at baseline and with changes in waist circumference after 1-year of follow-up in subjects living with overweight/obesity. Further large prospective studies using a different population with longer follow-up periods are warranted in the future to strengthen our results.
Association of adiposity and its changes over time with COVID-19 risk in older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome: a longitudinal evaluation in the PREDIMED-Plus cohort
(BioMed Central (BMC), 2023-10-13) Shyam, Sangeetha; García-Gavilán, Jesús Francisco; Paz-Graniel, Indira; Gaforio, José J; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel; Corella, Dolores; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; López-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora; Tur, Josep A; Sanchez, Vicente Martin; Pintó, Xavier; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vazquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Fernandez-Aranda, Fernando; Nishi, Stephanie K; Garcia-Regata, Oscar; Toledo, Estefanía; Asensio, Eva M; Castañer, Olga; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Torres-Collado, Laura; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Zulet, M Angeles; Goñi-Ruiz, Nuria; Casas, Rosa; Cano-Ibáñez, Naomi; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Gómez-Perez, A M; Sorli, Jose V; Cinza-Sanjurjo, Sergio; Martín-Peláez, Sandra; Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J; Oncina-Canovas, Alejandro; Perez-Araluce, Rafael; Zomeño, María Dolores; Chaplin, Alice; Delgado-Rodríguez, Miguel; Babio, Nancy; Fitó, Montserrat; Salas-Salvado, Jordi
Background: Cross-sectionally, older age and obesity are associated with increased coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) risk. We assessed the longitudinal associations of baseline and changes in adiposity parameters with COVID-19 incidence in older adults at high cardiovascular risk. Methods: This analysis included 6874 men and women (aged 55-75 years) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus lifestyle intervention trial for cardiovascular risk reduction. Body weight, body-mass-index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and a body shape index (ABSI) were measured at baseline and annual follow-up visits. COVID-19 was ascertained by an independent Event Committee until 31 December 2021. Cox regression models were fitted to evaluate the risk of COVID-19 incidence based on baseline adiposity parameters measured 5-6 years before the pandemic and their changes at the visit prior to censoring. Results: At the time of censoring, 653 incident COVID-19 cases occurred. Higher baseline body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and WHtR were associated with increased COVID-19 risk. During the follow-up, every unit increase in body weight (HRadj (95%CI): 1.01 (1.00, 1.03)) and BMI (HRadj: 1.04 (1.003, 1.08)) was associated with increased COVID-19 risk. Conclusions: In older adults with overweight/obesity, clinically significant weight loss may protect against COVID-19. Trial registration: This study is registered at the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial (ISRCT; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870).
Antifibrotic Effects of Extracellular Vesicles From Umbilical Cord-Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Lung Myofibroblast Cells
(Elsevier, 2023-07) Ortega, Francisco G; Rio-Bocos, Carlos; Jahn, Andreas; Gayá, Antonio; Calvo Benito, Javier; Monjo, Marta; Montes-Worboys, Ana; Molina-Molina, Maria; Sala Llinás, Ernest; Ramis, Joana Maria

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