Target product profile for a diagnostic test to confirm leprosy in individuals with clinical signs and symptoms

Abstract

Leprosy, is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae or, in some cases, by Mycobacterium lepromatosis. The bacteria is likely transmitted via tiny droplets (aerosols) from the nose and mouth during close and frequent contact with untreated cases. In some circumstances, skin-to-skin contact has also been implicated. Close and frequent contact increase the risk of contacts developing leprosy. Stigmatization and discrimination impede the life of an individual suffering from leprosy; overcoming them is an essential part of leprosy control. As with other neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), the occurrence of leprosy is often related to socioeconomic determinants of health. Despite the available treatment, more than 200 000 new leprosy patients were diagnosed globally in 2019, Early case detection is important to help contain the spread of infection and prevent disabilities.