Person: Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Enrique
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First Name
Enrique
Last Name
Gutierrez-Gonzalez
Institution
ISCIII
Centrre
ISCIII::Escuela Nacional de Sanidad (ENS)
CNIC Organization
CNIO Organization
Institute
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3 results
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Publication Dietary Zinc and Risk of Prostate Cancer in Spain: MCC-Spain Study(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2018-12-20) Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Enrique; Castelló Pastor, Adela; Fernandez-Navarro, Pablo L; Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma; Llorca, Javier; Salas, Dolores; Salcedo-Bellido, Inmaculada; Aragonés, Nuria; Fernández-Tardón, Guillermo; Alguacil, Juan; Gràcia-Lavedan, Esther; García-Esquinas, Esther; Gómez-Acebo, Inés; Amiano, Pilar; Romaguera, Dora; Kogevinas, Manolis; Pollan-Santamaria, Marina; Perez-Gomez, Beatriz; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Unión Europea. Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER/ERDF); Fundación Marqués de Valdecilla; Regional Government of Andalusia (España); Generalitat Valenciana (España); Basque Government (España); Fundación Caja de Ahorros de Asturias; University of Oviedo (España); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)Zinc is a key trace element in normal prostate cell metabolism, and is decreased in neoplastic cells. However, the association between dietary zinc and prostate cancer (PC) in epidemiologic studies is a conflicting one. Our aim was to explore this association in an MCC-Spain case-control study, considering tumor aggressiveness and extension, as well as genetic susceptibility to PC. 733 incident cases and 1228 population-based controls were included for this study. Dietary zinc was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, and genetic susceptibility was assessed with a single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)-based polygenic risk score (PRS). The association between zinc intake and PC was evaluated with mixed logistic and multinomial regression models. They showed an increased risk of PC in those with higher intake of zinc (Odds Ratio (OR) tertile 3vs1: 1.39; 95% Confidence interval (CI):1.00⁻1.95). This association was mainly observed in low grade PC (Gleason = 6 RRR tertile 3vs1: 1.76; 95% CI:1.18⁻2.63) as well as in localized tumors (cT1-cT2a RRR tertile 3vs1: 1.40; 95% CI:1.00⁻1.95) and among those with higher PRS (OR tertile 3vs1: 1.50; 95% CI:0.89⁻2.53). In conclusion, a higher dietary zinc intake could increase the risk of low grade and localized tumors. Men with higher genetic susceptibility0020might also have a higher risk of PC associated with this nutrient intake.Publication Toenails as biomarker of exposure to essential trace metals: A review.(Elsevier, 2019) Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Enrique; García-Esquinas, Esther; Fernandez de Larrea-Baz, Nerea; Salcedo-Bellido, Inmaculada; Navas-Acien, Ana; Lope Carvajal, Virginia; Gómez-Ariza, José Luis; Pastor-Barriuso, Roberto; Pollan-Santamaria, Marina; Perez-Gomez, Beatriz; Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIHealth problems associated with essential trace metals can result from both inadequate (i.e., low intake) and excessive exposures (i.e., from environmental and/or occupational source). Thus, measuring the exposure level is a real challenge for epidemiologists. Among non-invasive biomarkers that intend to measure long-term exposure to essential trace metals, the toenail is probably the biological matrix with the greatest potential. This systematic review collects the current evidence regarding the validity of toenail clippings as exposure biomarker for trace metals such as boron, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, silicon, vanadium and zinc. Special attention was paid to the time-window of exposure reflected by the toenail, the intraindividual variability in exposure levels over time in this matrix, and the relationship of toenail with other biomarkers, personal characteristics and environmental sources. Our search identified 139 papers, with selenium and zinc being the most studied elements. The variability among studies suggests that toenail levels may reflect different degrees of exposure and probably correspond to exposures occurred 3-12 months before sampling (i.e., for manganese/selenium). Few studies assessed the reproducibility of results over time and, for samples obtained 1-6 years apart, the correlation coefficient were between 0.26 and 0.66. Trace metal levels in toenails did not correlate well with those in the blood and urine and showed low-moderate correlation with those in the hair and fingernails. Available data suggests that for some elements (Se, Mn, Zn) toenail concentrations reflect long-term external exposures in fairly reproducible levels, while for other metals, this association has not yet been assessed. Among dietary factors, only toenail selenium showed clear associations with the intake of supplements or specific foods. The toenail levels could also represent occupational exposure, for instance, Mn exposure in welders. The scarcity of information on other essential trace elements, together with the great heterogeneity among studies makes the validation of the usage of toenails as biomarkers of exposure to these elements difficult. Standardization of sample collection, quality control, analytical techniques and reporting procedures might facilitate further research focused on the clear understanding of the significance of essential levels in this promising matrix and would enhance its utility in epidemiological research.Publication Toxic metals in toenails as biomarkers of exposure: A review(Elsevier, 2021) Salcedo-Bellido, Inmaculada; Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Enrique; García-Esquinas, Esther; Fernandez de Larrea-Baz, Nerea; Navas Acien, Ana; Tellez-Plaza, Maria; Pastor-Barriuso, Roberto; Lope Carvajal, Virginia; Gómez-Ariza, José Luis; García-Barrera, Tamara; Pollan-Santamaria, Marina; Jiménez Moleón, José Juan; Perez-Gomez, Beatriz; Unión Europea. Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER/ERDF); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Plan Nacional de I+D+i (España); NIH - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) (Estados Unidos)Toenails have been used as biomarkers of exposure to toxic metals, but their validity for this purpose is not yet clear and might differ depending on the specific agent. To evaluate this issue, we reviewed the literature on: a) the time-window of exposure reflected by toenails; b) the reproducibility of toenail toxic-metal levels in repeated measures over time; c) their relationship with other biomarkers of exposure, and; d) their association with potential determinants (i.e. sociodemographic, anthropometric, or lifestyle characteristics) or with sources of exposure like diet or environmental pollution. Thus, we performed a systematic review, searching for articles that provided original data for levels of any of the following toxic metals in toenails: aluminum, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, mercury, nickel, lead, thallium and uranium. We identified 88 articles, reporting data from 67 different research projects, which were quite heterogeneous with regard to population profile, sample size and analytical technique. The most commonly studied metal was mercury. Concerning the time-window of exposure explored by toenails, some reports indicate that toenail cadmium, nickel and lead may reflect exposures that occurred 7-12 months before sampling. For repeated samples obtained 1-6 years apart, the range of intraindividual correlation coefficients of aluminum, chromium and mercury was 0.33-0.56. The correlation of toxic metal concentrations between toenails and other matrices was higher for hair and fingernails than for urine or blood. Mercury levels were consistently associated with fish intake, while other toxic metals were occasionally associated with specific sources (e.g. drinking water, place of residence, environmental pollution, and occupation). The most frequently evaluated health endpoints were cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and central nervous system diseases. Available data suggest that toenail mercury levels reflected long-term exposures and showed positive associations with fish intake. The lack of standardization in sample collection, quality control, analytical techniques and procedures - along with the heterogeneity and conflicting results among studies - mean it is still difficult to conclude that toenails are a good biomarker of exposure to toxic metals. Further studies are needed to draw solid conclusions about the suitability of toenails as biomarkers of exposure to toxic metals.