Browsing by MeSH term "Locomotion"
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Publication Endocannabinoid regulation of acute and protracted nicotine withdrawal: effect of FAAH inhibition(Public Library of Science (PLOS), 2011-11-30) Cippitelli, Andrea; Astarita, Giuseppe; Duranti, Andrea; Caprioli, Giovanni; Ubaldi, Massimo; Stopponi, Serena; Kallupi, Marsida; Sagratini, Gianni; Rodríguez de Fonseca, Fernando; Piomelli, Daniele; Ciccocioppo, Roberto; [Cippitelli,A; Ubaldi,M; Stopponi,S; Kallupi,M; Ciccocioppo,R] School of Pharmacy,Pharmacology Unit,University of Camerino,Camerino,Italy. [Astarita,G; Piomelli,D] Department of Pharmacology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America. [Duranti,A] Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Technology Unit, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy. [Caprioli,G; Sagratini,G] School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino,Italy. [Rodríguez de Fonseca,F] Fundación IMABIS, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Málaga, Spain. [Piomelli,D] Drug Discovery and Development, Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Italy.Evidence shows that the endocannabinoid system modulates the addictive properties of nicotine. In the present study, we hypothesized that spontaneous withdrawal resulting from removal of chronically implanted transdermal nicotine patches is regulated by the endocannabinoid system. A 7-day nicotine dependence procedure (5.2 mg/rat/day) elicited occurrence of reliable nicotine abstinence symptoms in Wistar rats. Somatic and affective withdrawal signs were observed at 16 and 34 hours following removal of nicotine patches, respectively. Further behavioral manifestations including decrease in locomotor activity and increased weight gain also occurred during withdrawal. Expression of spontaneous nicotine withdrawal was accompanied by fluctuation in levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) in several brain structures including the amygdala, the hippocampus, the hypothalamus and the prefrontal cortex. Conversely, levels of 2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol were not significantly altered. Pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the enzyme responsible for the intracellular degradation of AEA, by URB597 (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg, i.p.), reduced withdrawal-induced anxiety as assessed by the elevated plus maze test and the shock-probe defensive burying paradigm, but did not prevent the occurrence of somatic signs. Together, the results indicate that pharmacological strategies aimed at enhancing endocannabinoid signaling may offer therapeutic advantages to treat the negative affective state produced by nicotine withdrawal, which is critical for the maintenance of tobacco use.Publication Increased learning and brain long-term potentiation in aged mice lacking DNA polymerase μ(2013) Lucas, Daniel; Delgado-García, José M; Escudero, Beatriz; Albo-Castellanos, Carmen; Aza, Ana; Acin-Perez, Rebeca; Torres, Yaima; Moreno, Paz; Enriquez, Jose Antonio; Samper, Enrique; Blanco, Luis; Fairén, Alfonso; Bernad, Antonio; Gruart, Agnès; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España); Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España); Fundación Ramón ArecesA definitive consequence of the aging process is the progressive deterioration of higher cognitive functions. Defects in DNA repair mechanisms mostly result in accelerated aging and reduced brain function. DNA polymerase µ is a novel accessory partner for the non-homologous end-joining DNA repair pathway for double-strand breaks, and its deficiency causes reduced DNA repair. Using associative learning and long-term potentiation experiments, we demonstrate that Polµ(-/-) mice, however, maintain the ability to learn at ages when wild-type mice do not. Expression and biochemical analyses suggest that brain aging is delayed in Polµ(-/-) mice, being associated with a reduced error-prone DNA oxidative repair activity and a more efficient mitochondrial function. This is the first example in which the genetic ablation of a DNA-repair function results in a substantially better maintenance of learning abilities, together with fewer signs of brain aging, in old mice.Publication Life-long environmental enrichment counteracts spatial learning, reference and working memory deficits in middle-aged rats subjected to perinatal asphyxia(Frontiers Media, 2015-01-05) Galeano, Pablo; Blanco, Eduardo; Logica Tornatore, Tamara M A; Romero, Juan I; Holubiec, Mariana I; Rodríguez de Fonseca, Fernando; Capani, Francisco; [Galeano,P; Blanco,E; LogicaTornatore,TMA; Romero,JI; Holubiec,MI; Capani,F] Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas Prof. Dr. Alberto C. Taquini (ININCA), Universidad de Buenos Aires (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Galeano,P] Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (CONICET), Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Blanco,E; Rodríguez de Fonseca,F] Laboratorio de Investigación, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga - Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga (UGC Salud Mental), Málaga, Spain. [Blanco,E] Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.Continuous environmental stimulation induced by exposure to enriched environment (EE) has yielded cognitive benefits in different models of brain injury. Perinatal asphyxia results from a lack of oxygen supply to the fetus and is associated with long-lasting neurological deficits. However, the effects of EE in middle-aged rats suffering perinatal asphyxia are unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess whether life-long exposure to EE could counteract the cognitive and behavioral alterations in middle-aged asphyctic rats. Experimental groups consisted of rats born vaginally (CTL), by cesarean section (C+), or by C+ following 19 min of asphyxia at birth (PA). At weaning, rats were assigned to standard (SE) or enriched environment (EE) for 18 months. During the last month of housing, animals were submitted to a behavioral test battery including Elevated Plus Maze, Open Field, Novel Object Recognition and Morris water maze (MWM). Results showed that middle-aged asphyctic rats, reared in SE, exhibited an impaired performance in the spatial reference and working memory versions of the MWM. EE was able to counteract these cognitive impairments. Moreover, EE improved the spatial learning performance of middle-aged CTL and C+ rats. On the other hand, all groups reared in SE did not differ in locomotor activity and anxiety levels, while EE reduced locomotion and anxiety, regardless of birth condition. Recognition memory was altered neither by birth condition nor by housing environment. These results support the importance of environmental stimulation across the lifespan to prevent cognitive deficits induced by perinatal asphyxia.Publication Life-long environmental enrichment counteracts spatial learning, reference and working memory deficits in middle-aged rats subjected to perinatal asphyxia.(Frontiers Media, 2015-01-05) Galeano, Pablo; Blanco, Eduardo; Logica Tornatore, Tamara M A; Romero, Juan I; Holubiec, Mariana I; Rodríguez de Fonseca, Fernando; Capani, Francisco; [Galeano,P; Blanco,E; LogicaTornatore,TMA; Romero,JI; Holubiec,MI; Capani,F] Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas “Prof. Dr. Alberto C. Taquini” (ININCA), Universidad de Buenos Aires (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Galeano,P] Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (CONICET), Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Blanco,E; Rodríguez de Fonseca,F] Laboratorio de Investigación, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga - Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga (UGC Salud Mental), Málaga, Spain. [Blanco,E] Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.Continuous environmental stimulation induced by exposure to enriched environment (EE) has yielded cognitive benefits in different models of brain injury. Perinatal asphyxia results from a lack of oxygen supply to the fetus and is associated with long-lasting neurological deficits. However, the effects of EE in middle-aged rats suffering perinatal asphyxia are unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess whether life-long exposure to EE could counteract the cognitive and behavioral alterations in middle-aged asphyctic rats. Experimental groups consisted of rats born vaginally (CTL), by cesarean section (C+), or by C+ following 19 min of asphyxia at birth (PA). At weaning, rats were assigned to standard (SE) or enriched environment (EE) for 18 months. During the last month of housing, animals were submitted to a behavioral test battery including Elevated Plus Maze, Open Field, Novel Object Recognition and Morris water maze (MWM). Results showed that middle-aged asphyctic rats, reared in SE, exhibited an impaired performance in the spatial reference and working memory versions of the MWM. EE was able to counteract these cognitive impairments. Moreover, EE improved the spatial learning performance of middle-aged CTL and C+ rats. On the other hand, all groups reared in SE did not differ in locomotor activity and anxiety levels, while EE reduced locomotion and anxiety, regardless of birth condition. Recognition memory was altered neither by birth condition nor by housing environment. These results support the importance of environmental stimulation across the lifespan to prevent cognitive deficits induced by perinatal asphyxia.Publication The CAFA challenge reports improved protein function prediction and new functional annotations for hundreds of genes through experimental screens(BioMed Central (BMC), 2019-11-19) Zhou, Naihui; Jiang, Yuxiang; Bergquist, Timothy R; Lee, Alexandra J; Kacsoh, Balint Z; Crocker, Alex W; Lewis, Kimberley A; Georghiou, George; Nguyen, Huy N; Hamid, Md Nafiz; Davis, Larry; Dogan, Tunca; Atalay, Volkan; Rifaioglu, Ahmet S; Dalkıran, Alperen; Cetin Atalay, Rengul; Zhang, Chengxin; Hurto, Rebecca L; Freddolino, Peter L; Zhang, Yang; Bhat, Prajwal; Supek, Fran; Fernández, José M; Gemovic, Branislava; Perovic, Vladimir R; Davidović, Radoslav S; Sumonja, Neven; Veljkovic, Nevena; Asgari, Ehsaneddin; Mofrad, Mohammad R K; Profiti, Giuseppe; Savojardo, Castrense; Martelli, Pier Luigi; Casadio, Rita; Boecker, Florian; Schoof, Heiko; Kahanda, Indika; Thurlby, Natalie; McHardy, Alice C; Renaux, Alexandre; Saidi, Rabie; Gough, Julian; Freitas, Alex A; Antczak, Magdalena; Fabris, Fabio; Wass, Mark N; Hou, Jie; Cheng, Jianlin; Wang, Zheng; Romero, Alfonso E; Paccanaro, Alberto; Yang, Haixuan; Goldberg, Tatyana; Zhao, Chenguang; Holm, Liisa; Törönen, Petri; Medlar, Alan J; Zosa, Elaine; Borukhov, Itamar; Novikov, Ilya; Wilkins, Angela; Lichtarge, Olivier; Chi, Po-Han; Tseng, Wei-Cheng; Linial, Michal; Rose, Peter W; Dessimoz, Christophe; Vidulin, Vedrana; Dzeroski, Saso; Sillitoe, Ian; Das, Sayoni; Lees, Jonathan Gill; Jones, David T; Wan, Cen; Cozzetto, Domenico; Fa, Rui; Torres, Mateo; Warwick Vesztrocy, Alex; Rodriguez, Jose Manuel; Tress, Michael; Frasca, Marco; Notaro, Marco; Grossi, Giuliano; Petrini, Alessandro; Re, Matteo; Valentini, Giorgio; Mesiti, Marco; Roche, Daniel B; Reeb, Jonas; Ritchie, David W; Aridhi, Sabeur; Alborzi, Seyed Ziaeddin; Devignes, Marie-Dominique; Koo, Da Chen Emily; Bonneau, Richard; Gligorijević, Vladimir; Barot, Meet; Fang, Hai; Toppo, Stefano; Lavezzo, Enrico; Falda, Marco; Berselli, Michele; Tosatto, Silvio C E; Carraro, Marco; Piovesan, Damiano; Ur Rehman, Hafeez; Mao, Qizhong; Zhang, Shanshan; Vucetic, Slobodan; Black, Gage S; Jo, Dane; Suh, Erica; Dayton, Jonathan B; Larsen, Dallas J; Omdahl, Ashton R; McGuffin, Liam J; Brackenridge, Danielle A; Babbitt, Patricia C; Yunes, Jeffrey M; Fontana, Paolo; Zhang, Feng; Zhu, Shanfeng; You, Ronghui; Zhang, Zihan; Dai, Suyang; Yao, Shuwei; Tian, Weidong; Cao, Renzhi; Chandler, Caleb; Amezola, Miguel; Johnson, Devon; Chang, Jia-Ming; Liao, Wen-Hung; Liu, Yi-Wei; Pascarelli, Stefano; Frank, Yotam; Hoehndorf, Robert; Kulmanov, Maxat; Boudellioua, Imane; Politano, Gianfranco; Di Carlo, Stefano; Benso, Alfredo; Hakala, Kai; Ginter, Filip; Mehryary, Farrokh; Kaewphan, Suwisa; Björne, Jari; Moen, Hans; Tolvanen, Martti E E; Salakoski, Tapio; Kihara, Daisuke; Jain, Aashish; Šmuc, Tomislav; Altenhoff, Adrian; Ben-Hur, Asa; Rost, Burkhard; Brenner, Steven E; Orengo, Christine A; Jeffery, Constance J; Bosco, Giovanni; Hogan, Deborah A; Martin, Maria J; O'Donovan, Claire; Mooney, Sean D; Greene, Casey S; Radivojac, Predrag; Friedberg, Iddo; National Science Foundation (United States); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; United States Department of Health and Human Services; Cystic Fibrosis Foundation; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Alemania); Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. European Research Council (ERC); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España); Unión Europea; University of Turku (Finlandia); Finlands Akademi (Finlandia); National Natural Science Foundation of China; Nanjing Agricultural University. The Academy of Science. National Key Research & Development Program of China; Ministero dell Istruzione, dell Universita e della Ricerca (Italia); Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project; Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment; Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (Serbia); Ministry of Science and Technology (China); Ministry for Education (Baviera) (Alemania); Yad Hanadiv; University of Milan (Italia); Swiss National Science Foundation; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Reino Unido); Unión Europea. European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST); Plataforma ISCIII de Bioinformática (España); Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey; Ministry of Education (China); University of Padua (Italia)BACKGROUND: The Critical Assessment of Functional Annotation (CAFA) is an ongoing, global, community-driven effort to evaluate and improve the computational annotation of protein function. RESULTS: Here, we report on the results of the third CAFA challenge, CAFA3, that featured an expanded analysis over the previous CAFA rounds, both in terms of volume of data analyzed and the types of analysis performed. In a novel and major new development, computational predictions and assessment goals drove some of the experimental assays, resulting in new functional annotations for more than 1000 genes. Specifically, we performed experimental whole-genome mutation screening in Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aureginosa genomes, which provided us with genome-wide experimental data for genes associated with biofilm formation and motility. We further performed targeted assays on selected genes in Drosophila melanogaster, which we suspected of being involved in long-term memory. CONCLUSION: We conclude that while predictions of the molecular function and biological process annotations have slightly improved over time, those of the cellular component have not. Term-centric prediction of experimental annotations remains equally challenging; although the performance of the top methods is significantly better than the expectations set by baseline methods in C. albicans and D. melanogaster, it leaves considerable room and need for improvement. Finally, we report that the CAFA community now involves a broad range of participants with expertise in bioinformatics, biological experimentation, biocuration, and bio-ontologies, working together to improve functional annotation, computational function prediction, and our ability to manage big data in the era of large experimental screens.