Brochado-Kith, OscarRava, MartaBerenguer, JuanGonzález-García, JuanRojo, DavidDíez, CristinaHontañón, VíctorVirseda-Berdices, AnaIbañez-Samaniego, LuisLlop-Herrera, ElbaOlveira, AntonioPérez-Latorre, LeireBarbas, CoralFernandez-Rodriguez, AmandaResino, SalvadorJimenez-Sousa, Maria AngelesESCORIAL Study Group2024-10-302024-10-302024-10J Infect Public Health. 2024 Oct;17(10):102524.1876-0341https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/25374Background: Altered bacterial translocation is associated with changes in hepatic function and the progression from compensated to decompensated cirrhosis. Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score is an essential indicator of liver severity. Thus, we aimed to study differences in the blood microbiome together with metabolome profile between HCV-infected patients with CTP class B (CTP-B, significant functional compromise) and patients with CTP class A (CTP-A, well-compensated cirrhosis). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in patients with advanced HCV-related cirrhosis (n = 88) stratified by CTP-B and CTP-A. Bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing was sequenced by MiSeq Illumina technology and non-targeted metabolomics was performed by GC-MS and LC-MS ESI+ and ESI- to complement the analysis. Results: Patients with CTP-B had lower levels of richness (Chao1), and alpha diversity (Shannon and Simpson indexes) at phylum level than patients with CTP-A. Likewise, we observed significant differences in beta diversity between groups at phylum, class, and order levels, showing lower diversity in patients with CTP-B. Higher relative abundance of Proteobacteria (p = 0.012), Alphaproteobacteria (p = 0.005), Sphingomonadales (p = 0.012) and Sphingomonadaceae (p = 0.016) were significantly associated with CTP-B. The phylum Proteobacteria was positively correlated with ethanolamine and oleic acid (p = 0.005 and p = 0.004, respectively) and negatively with p-cresol (p = 0.006). In addition, the order Sphingomonadales and the family Sphingomonadaceae was also negatively correlated with p-cresol (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001). Conclusions: Blood microbial diversity was significantly decreased in patients with CTP-B, who presented an enrichment of Proteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Sphingomonadales and Sphingomonadaceae compared to patients with CTP-A.engVoRhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Child-PughChronic hepatitis CCirrhosisHIVMetabolomeMicrobiomeAdultAgedBacteriaBloodCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHepatitis C, ChronicHumansLiver CirrhosisMaleMetabolomeMetabolomicsMicrobiotaMiddle AgedRNA, Ribosomal, 16SSeverity of Illness IndexAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International39241484171010252410.1016/j.jiph.2024.1025241876-035XJournal of infection and public healthopen access