Sepulveda-Crespo, DanielJimenez-Sousa, Maria AngelesFernandez-Rodriguez, AmandaMuñoz-Fernández, María AJiménez, José LuisMoreno, SantiagoGarcia, FelipeMartinez, IsidoroBenito, José MRallón, NormaResino, Salvador2026-06-092026-06-092023-06Sepúlveda-Crespo D, Jiménez-Sousa MA, Fernández-Rodíguez A, et al. IRF5-TNOP3 polymorphisms are associated with elite control of HIV infection: a retrospective study. J Med Virol. 2023;95:e28841. doi:10.1002/jmv.28841.https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/27523IRF5-TNPO3 polymorphisms have previously been related to immune response, and TNPO3 plays a role in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection after nuclear import. Therefore, we analyzed the genetic association between IRF5-TNPO3 polymorphisms and the HIV elite control in long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs). We performed a retrospective cohort study on 183 LTNPs, who were antiretroviral therapy-naïve with CD4  ≥ 500 cells/mm , viral load ≤10 000 copies/mL, and asymptomatic over 10 years after HIV seroconversion. The primary outcome variable was HIV elite control (undetectable viral load in at least 90% of the measurements for at least 1 year). Seven IRF5-TNPO3 polymorphisms were genotyped using Agena Bioscience's MassARRAY platform. We found a significant association between specific IRF5-TNPO3 genotypes and HIV elite control: rs2004640 TT (aOR = 2.05; p = 0.041), rs10954213 AA (aOR = 1.95; p = 0.035), rs2280714 TT (aOR = 2.02; p = 0.031), and rs10279821 CC (aOR = 2.12; p = 0.017). We also found a significant association between IRF5-TNPO3 haplotype TATC composed of the favorable significant polymorphisms (rs2004640, rs10954213, rs2280714, and rs10279821) and the HIV elite control (aOR = 1.59; p = 0.048). IRF5-TNPO3 rs2004640, rs10954213, rs2280714, and rs10279821 polymorphisms were related to HIV elite control in LTNPs. Our data provide new knowledge about the impact of IRF5-TNPO3 polymorphisms on HIV pathogenesis to understand the phenomenon of natural HIV control.engAMhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/HIV elite controllersLTNPsInterferon regulatory factor 5Single-nucleotide polymorphismsTransportin 3Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenotypeHIV InfectionsHumansInterferon Regulatory FactorsPolymorphism, Single NucleotideRetrospective Studiesbeta KaryopherinsAttribution 4.0 International37254791956e2884110.1002/jmv.28841Journal of Medical Virologyopen access