Jarrin Vera, InmaculadaPantazis, NikosDalmau, JudithPhillips, Andrew NOlson, AshleyMussini, CristinaBoufassa, FaroudyCostagliola, DominiquePorter, KholoudBlanco, JuliáAmo, Julia delMartinez-Picado, JavierCASCADE Collaboration in EuroCoord2020-06-162020-06-162015-11AIDS. 2015 Nov;29(17):2323-33.http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/10434Objective: This article compares trends in CD4þ T-cell recovery and proportions achieving optimal restoration ( 500 cells/ml) after viral suppression following combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation between rapid and nonrapid progressors. Methods: We included HIV-1 seroconverters achieving viral suppression within 6 months of cART. Rapid progressors were individuals experiencing at least one CD4þ less than 200 cells/ml within 12 months of seroconverters before cART. We used piecewise linear mixed models and logistic regression for optimal restoration. Results: Of 4024 individuals, 294 (7.3%) were classified as rapid progressors. At the same CD4þ T-cell count at cART start (baseline), rapid progressors experienced faster CD4þ T-cell increases than nonrapid progressors in first month [difference (95% confidence interval) in mean increase/month (square root scale): 1.82 (1.61; 2.04)], which reversed to slightly slower increases in months 1–18 [0.05 (0.06; 0.03)] and no significant differences in 18–60 months [0.003 (0.01; 0.01)]. Percentage achieving optimal restoration was significantly lower for rapid progressors than nonrapid progressors at months 12 (29.2 vs. 62.5%) and 36 (47.1 vs. 72.4%) but not at month 60 (70.4 vs. 71.8%). These differences disappeared after adjusting for baseline CD4þ T-cell count: odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 0.86 (0.61; 1.20), 0.90 (0.38; 2.17) and 1.56 (0.55; 4.46) at months 12, 36 and 60, respectively. Conclusion: Among people on suppressive antiretroviral therapy, rapid progressors experience faster initial increases of CD4þ T-cell counts than nonrapid progressors, but are less likely to achieve optimal restoration during the first 36 months after cART, mainly because of lower CD4þ T-cell counts at cART initiation.engVoRhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/CD4 responsesHIV-viral suppressionRapid progressionAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveViral LoadAdultAnti-Retroviral AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCohort StudiesDisease ProgressionFemaleHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansMaleMiddle AgedTime FactorsYoung AdultAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional2654470429172323-3310.1097/QAD.00000000000008051473-5571AIDS (London, England)open access