Salvador-Martín, SaraRaposo-Gutiérrez, IreneNavas-López, Víctor ManuelGallego-Fernández, CarmenMoreno-Álvarez, AnaSolar-Boga, AlfonsoMuñoz-Codoceo, RosanaMagallares, LorenaMartínez-Ojinaga, EvaFobelo, María J.Millán-Jiménez, AntonioRodriguez-Martinez, AlejandroVayo, Concepción A.Sánchez, CesarTolin, MarBossacoma, FerránPujol-Muncunill, GemmaGonzález de Caldas, RafaelLoverdos, InésBlanca-García, José A.Segarra, OscarEizaguirre, Francisco J.García-Romero, RuthMerino-Bohórquez, VicenteSanjurjo-Sáez, MaríaLópez-Fernández, Luis A.2024-02-122024-02-122020-05-09http://hdl.handle.net/10668/3700http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/18046Around a 20-30% of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are diagnosed before they are 18 years old. Anti-TNF drugs can induce and maintain remission in IBD, however, up to 30% of patients do not respond. The aim of the work was to identify markers that would predict an early response to anti-TNF drugs in pediatric patients with IBD. The study population included 43 patients aged <18 years with IBD who started treatment with infliximab or adalimumab. Patients were classified into primary responders (n = 27) and non-responders to anti-TNF therapy (n = 6). Response to treatment could not be analyzed in 10 patients. Response was defined as a decrease in over 15 points in the disease activity indexes from week 0 to week 10 of infliximab treatment or from week 0 to week 26 of adalimumab treatment. The expression profiles of nine genes in total RNA isolated from the whole-blood of pediatric IBD patients taken before biologic administration and after 2 weeks were analyzed using qPCR and the 2-∆∆Ct method. Before initiation and after 2 weeks of treatment the expression of SMAD7 was decreased in patients who were considered as non-responders (p value < 0.05). Changes in expression were also observed for TLR2 at T0 and T2, although that did not reach the level of statistical significance. In addition, the expression of DEFA5 decreased 1.75-fold during the first 2 weeks of anti-TNF treatment in responders, whereas no changes were observed in non-responders. Expression of the SMAD7 gene is a pharmacogenomic biomarker of early response to anti-TNF agents in pediatric IBD. TLR2 and DEFA5 need to be validated in larger studies.engVoRhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/BiomarkerGene expressionInfliximabAdalimumabUlcerative colitisCrohn’s diseaseBiomarcadoresExpresión génicaColitis ulcerosaEnfermedad de CrohnAdolescentAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntirheumatic AgentsChildChild, PreschoolFemaleGene Expression RegulationHumansInfantInflammatory Bowel DiseasesMaleRNA, MessengerReceptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type IISmad7 ProteinToll-Like ReceptorsTranscriptomeTreatment OutcomeTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaalpha-DefensinsAttribution 4.0 International3239754610.3390/ijms210933641422-0067International Journal of Molecular Sciencesopen access