Santos-Lozano, AlejandroBarrán, Alberto TorresFernandez-Navarro, Pablo LValenzuela, Pedro LCastillo-Garcia, AdriánRuilope, Luis MRíos Insua, DavidOrdovas, José MLey, VictoriaLucia, Alejandro2022-04-072022-04-072021-03J Sport Health Sci. 2021 Sep;10(5):604-606.http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/13953Objective: We studied the association between different levels of physical activity (PA) and major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adult people, as well as sex-specific differences. Methods: Medical data from a large Spanish cohort of workers (aged 18-64 years) were prospectively obtained during a five-year period. Participants were categorized attending to their self-reported PA levels as inactive (performing neither moderate nor vigorous-intensity PA), or either regularly or insufficiently active (meeting or not, respectively, international recommendations of PA [≥ 150 or ≥ 75 min/week of moderate or vigorous-intensity PA, respectively, or a combination thereof]), and risk of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and obesity was assessed. Results: Data from 527,662 participants (32% women) were used for analysis. 63.5, 12.3, and 24.2 % of the participants were inactive, insufficiently active, and regularly active, respectively. A significantly lower likelihood of all CVD risk factors was found in both regularly active (by 42 to 10%) and - although less remarkable - insufficiently active individuals (by 30 to 9%) vs their inactive referents. Although these results were overall corroborated in sex-specific analyses, a PA dose-dependent association was not observed for hypercholesterolemia in men and PA - whether insufficient or regular - conferred no significant protective effect against obesity in women. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that PA reduces the odds of major CVD risk factors in a dose-response manner but there are some sex-specific differences.engVoRhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/DiabetesHypertensionObesityPhysical activityTrainingAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional8500806105604-60610.1016/j.jshs.2021.03.0022213-2961Journal of Sport and Health Scienceopen access