García-Pérez, JavierMorales-Piga, AntonioGomez-Barroso, DianaTamayo-Uria, IbonPardo Romaguera, ElenaLopez-Abente, GonzaloRamis, Rebeca2023-03-302023-03-302016-11Environ Res. 2016 Nov;151:265-274.http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/15727Background: Few epidemiologic studies have explored risk factors for rare tumors in children, and the role of environmental factors needs to be assessed. Objectives: To ascertain the effect of residential proximity to both industrial and urban areas on childhood cancer risk, taking industrial groups into account. Methods: We conducted a population-based case-control study of five childhood cancers in Spain (retinoblastoma, hepatic tumors, soft tissue sarcomas, germ cell tumors, and other epithelial neoplasms/melanomas), including 557 incident cases from the Spanish Registry of Childhood Tumors (period 1996-2011), and 3342 controls individually matched by year of birth, sex, and region of residence. Distances were computed from the residences to the 1271 industries and the 30 urban areas with ≥75,000 inhabitants located in the study area. Using logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for categories of distance to industrial and urban pollution sources were calculated, with adjustment for matching variables and socioeconomic confounders. Results: Children living near industrial and urban areas as a whole showed no excess risk for any of the tumors analyzed. However, isolated statistical associations (OR; 95%CI) were found between retinoblastoma and proximity to industries involved in glass and mineral fibers (2.49; 1.01-6.12 at 3km) and organic chemical industries (2.54; 1.10-5.90 at 2km). Moreover, soft tissue sarcomas registered the lower risks in the environs of industries as a whole (0.59; 0.38-0.93 at 4km). Conclusions: We have found isolated statistical associations between retinoblastoma and proximity to industries involved in glass and mineral fibers and organic chemical industries.engSMURhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Case-control studyChildhood cancerIndustrial pollutionRare tumorResidential proximityUrban pollutionAdolescentChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMaleResidence CharacteristicsCase-Control StudiesChildEnvironmental PollutionAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.027509487151265-27410.1016/j.envres.2016.08.0011096-0953Environmental researchopen access