Urdinguio, Rocio GLopez, VirginiaBayón, Gustavo FDiaz de la Guardia, RafaelSierra, Marta IGarcía-Toraño, EstelaPerez, Raúl FGarcía, María GCarella, AntonellaPruneda, Patricia CPrieto, CristinaDmitrijeva, MarijaSantamarina, PabloBelmonte, ThaliaMangas, CristinaDiaconu, ElenaFerrero, CeciliaTejedor, Juan RamónFernandez-Morera, Juan LuisBravo, CristinaBueno, ClaraSanjuan-Pla, AlejandraRodriguez, Ramon MSuarez-Alvarez, BeatrizLópez-Larrea, CarlosBernal, TeresaColado, EnriqueBalbín, MilagrosGarcía-Suarez, OliviaChiara, María DoloresSáenz-de-Santa-María, InésRodríguez, FranciscoPando-Sandoval, AnaRodrigo, LuisSantos, LauraSalas, AnaVallejo-Díaz, JesúsC Carrera, AnaRico, DanielHernández-López, InmaculadaVayá, AmparoRicart, José MSeto, EdwardSima-Teruel, NúriaVaquero, AlejandroValledor, LuisCañal, Maria JesusPisano, DavidGraña Castro, OsvaldoThomas, TimVoss, Anne KMenéndez, PabloVillar-Garea, AnaDeutzmann, RainerFernandez, Agustín FFraga, Mario F2019-04-232019-04-232019-03-29Nucleic Acids Res. 2019. pii: gkz195.0305-1048http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/7485Histone H4 acetylation at Lysine 16 (H4K16ac) is a key epigenetic mark involved in gene regulation, DNA repair and chromatin remodeling, and though it is known to be essential for embryonic development, its role during adult life is still poorly understood. Here we show that this lysine is massively hyperacetylated in peripheral neutrophils. Genome-wide mapping of H4K16ac in terminally differentiated blood cells, along with functional experiments, supported a role for this histone post-translational modification in the regulation of cell differentiation and apoptosis in the hematopoietic system. Furthermore, in neutrophils, H4K16ac was enriched at specific DNA repeats. These DNA regions presented an accessible chromatin conformation and were associated with the cleavage sites that generate the 50 kb DNA fragments during the first stages of programmed cell death. Our results thus suggest that H4K16ac plays a dual role in myeloid cells as it not only regulates differentiation and apoptosis, but it also exhibits a non-canonical structural role in poising chromatin for cleavage at an early stage of neutrophil cell death.engVoRhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Atribución 4.0 Internacional3092382910.1093/nar/gkz1951362-4962Nucleic acids researchopen access