Pérez-Nadales, ElenaAlastruey-Izquierdo, AnaLinares-Sicilia, María JoséSoto-Debran, Juan CarlosAbdala, EdsonGarcía-Rodríguez, JulioMontejo, MiguelMuñoz, PatriciaSalavert Lletí, MiguelRezusta, AntonioRuiz Pérez de Pipaón, MaiteYáñez, LucreciaMerino, EsperanzaCampos-Herrero, María IsolinaCosta-Mateo, José MaríaFortún, JesúsGarcía-Lozano, TomásGarcia-Vidal, CarolinaFernández-Ruiz, MarioSánchez-Reus, FerranCastro-Méndez, CarmenGuerrero-Lozano, InmaculadaSoler-Palacín, PereAguado, José MaríaMartínez-Martínez, LuisTorre-Cisneros, JulianNucci, Marcio2021-01-212021-01-212021-01Emerg Infect Dis . 2021 Jan;27(1):26-35http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/11643Invasive fusariosis (IF) is associated with severe neutropenia in patients with concurrent hematologic conditions. We conducted a retrospective observational study to characterize the epidemiology of IF in 18 Spanish hospitals during 2000-2015. In that time, the frequency of IF in nonneutropenic patients increased from 0.08 cases per 100,000 admissions in 2000-2009 to 0.22 cases per 100,000 admissions in 2010-2015. Nonneutropenic IF patients often had nonhematologic conditions, such as chronic cardiac or lung disease, rheumatoid arthritis, history of solid organ transplantation, or localized fusariosis. The 90-day death rate among nonneutropenic patients (28.6%) and patients with resolved neutropenia (38.1%) was similar. However, the death rate among patients with persistent neutropenia (91.3%) was significantly higher. We used a multivariate Cox regression analysis to characterize risk factors for death: persistent neutropenia was the only risk factor for death, regardless of antifungal therapy.engVoRhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Atribución 4.0 Internacional3335208527110.3201/eid2701.1907821080-6059Emerging infectious diseasesopen access