Ballesteros, IvánCuartero, María IPradillo, Jesús Mde la Parra, JuanPérez-Ruiz, AlbertoCorbí, AngelRicote, MercedesHamilton, John ASobrado, MónicaVivancos, JoséNombela, FlorentinoLizasoain, IgnacioMoro, María A2022-11-152022-11-152014-04J Leukoc Biol . 2014 Apr;95(4):587-98.http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/15148PPARγ-achieved neuroprotection in experimental stroke has been explained by the inhibition of inflammatory genes, an action in which 5-LO, Alox5, is involved. In addition, PPARγ is known to promote the expression of CD36, a scavenger receptor that binds lipoproteins and mediates bacterial recognition and also phagocytosis. As phagocytic clearance of neutrophils is a requisite for resolution of the inflammatory response, PPARγ-induced CD36 expression might help to limit inflammatory tissue injury in stroke, an effect in which 5-LO might also be involved. Homogenates, sections, and cellular suspensions were prepared from brains of WT and Alox5(-/-) mice exposed to distal pMCAO. BMMs were obtained from Lys-M Cre(+) PPARγ(f/f) and Lys-M Cre(-) PPARγ(f/f) mice. Stereological counting of double-immunofluorescence-labeled brain sections and FACS analysis of cell suspensions was performed. In vivo and in vitro phagocytosis of neutrophils by microglia/macrophages was analyzed. PPARγ activation with RSG induced CD36 expression in resident microglia. This process was mediated by the 5-LO gene, which is induced in neurons by PPARγ activation and at least by one of its products--LXA4--which induced CD36 independently of PPARγ. Moreover, CD36 expression helped resolution of inflammation through phagocytosis, concomitantly to neuroprotection. Based on these findings, in addition to a direct modulation by PPARγ, we propose in brain a paracrine model by which products generated by neuronal 5-LO, such as LXA4, increase the microglial expression of CD36 and promote tissue repair in pathologies with an inflammatory component, such as stroke.engVoRAnimalsArachidonate 5-LipoxygenaseBrain IschemiaCD36 AntigensCells, CulturedHypoglycemic AgentsInflammationLipoxinsMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNeutrophilsPPAR gammaPhagocytosisRatsRosiglitazoneThiazolidinedionesUp-RegulationAtribución 4.0 Internacional24338629954587-9810.1189/jlb.06133261938-3673Journal of leukocyte biologyopen access