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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Gonzalez, Luis Miguel author Castro, Emma author Lobo, Cheryl A author Richart, Alberto author Ramiro-Jimenez, Raquel author Gonzalez-Camacho, Fernando author Luque, Daniel author Velasco, Aurelio C author Montero-Clemente, Estrella author 2015-04 Human babesiosis is a zoonosis primarily transmitted through Ixodes ticks and alternatively by routes such as blood transfusions from asymptomatic donors. We report the first case of human babesiosis caused by Babesia divergens in a patient with HIV. This study also focuses on elucidating the possible transmission route of infection in this patient, who received numerous blood transfusions but showed patent symptoms only after splenectomy. A battery of detection tools along with a novel Western-Blot Assay and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay using the major surface protein of B. divergens (Bd37) as a target were used to evaluate the presence of B. divergens or antibodies against the parasite in samples from the patient and the blood donors involved in this case. A retrospective study of the humoral status against the parasite revealed B. divergens IgG antibodies in one of the implicated donors, but also showed that the patient had been already exposed to the parasite before any transfusion. Thus, this analysis of natural and transfusion transmission routes suggests a pre-existing subclinical babesiosis in the patient. Int J Infect Dis. 2015 Apr;33:202-4. 1201-9712 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/9079 25686807 10.1016/j.ijid.2015.02.005 1878-3511 International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases Babesia divergens HIV Babesiosis Blood transfusion Patient Transmission route First report of Babesia divergens infection in an HIV patient