<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-06-14T03:36:06Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/8978" metadataPrefix="marc">https://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/8978</identifier><datestamp>2024-09-27T20:32:41Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_20.500.12105_2052</setSpec><setSpec>com_20.500.12105_2051</setSpec><setSpec>col_20.500.12105_19609</setSpec></header><metadata><record xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/schema/MARC21slim.xsd">
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      <subfield code="a">Ibarra-Meneses, Ana Victoria</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Carrillo, Eugenia</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Nieto Martinez, Francisco Javier</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Sanchez Herrero, Carmen</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Ortega, Sheila</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Estirado, Alicia</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Latasa Zamalloa, Pello</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Sanz, Juan Carlos</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Garcia Comas, Luis</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Ordobás, María</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Moreno, Javier</subfield>
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      <subfield code="c">2019-05</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">BackgroundA large outbreak of leishmaniasis with 758 cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis cases occurred in 2009 in Fuenlabrada, in the south-west of the Madrid region of Spain.AimWe aimed to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic Leishmania infection after this outbreak, and its associated risk factors.MethodsA cross-sectional study of 804 healthy individuals living in Fuenlabrada who had no history of leishmaniasis, was conducted between January and July 2015. Asymptomatic infections were sought by either a combination of PCR, immunofluorescent antibody titre, and direct agglutination tests, or by whole blood stimulation assay (WBA) with interleukin-2 (IL-2) quantification.ResultsUsing the first approach, prevalence of asymptomatic individuals was 1.1% (9/804), while the second returned a value of 20.7% (143/804). Older age, being male, proximity to the park where the focus of infection was identified, and living in a detached house, were all strongly associated with the prevalence of asymptomatic infection.ConclusionsThe true number of infected individuals may be underestimated if only serological methods are used. The combination of WBA with IL-2 quantification may allow to better determine the prevalence of asymptomatic Leishmania infection, which would be useful in establishing control measures and in quantifying their impact. In our study, the use of WBA with IL-2 quantification also helped establish the risk factors that influence exposure to and infection by Leishmania.</subfield>
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   <datafield ind1="8" ind2=" " tag="024">
      <subfield code="a">Euro Surveill. 2019 May;24(22).</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.22.1800379</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/8978</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Leishmania</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Asymptomatic infection</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Epidemiological survey</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Epidemiology</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Interleukin-2</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Leishmaniasis</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Prevalence of asymptomatic Leishmania infection and associated risk factors, after an outbreak in the south-western Madrid region, Spain, 2015</subfield>
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