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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Lopez-Huertas, Maria Rosa author Palladino, Claudia author Garrido-Arquero, Marta author Esteban-Cartelle, Beatriz author Sanchez-Carrillo, Marta author Martinez-Roman, Paula author Martín-Carbonero, Luz author Ryan, Pablo author Domínguez-Domínguez, Lourdes author de Los Santos, Ignacio author De La Fuente Moral, Sara author Benito, José Miguel author Rallón, Norma author Alcamí, José author Resino, Salvador author Fernandez-Rodriguez, Amanda author Coiras, Mayte author Briz, Veronica author 2019-04-03 In HIV-1/HCV-coinfected patients, chronic HCV infection leads to an increased T-lymphocyte immune activation compared to HIV-monoinfected patients, thereby likely contributing to increase HIV-1 reservoir that is the major barrier for its eradication. Our objective was to evaluate the influence of HCV coinfection in HIV-1 viral reservoir size in resting (r) CD4+ T-cells (CD25-CD69-HLADR-). Multicenter cross-sectional study of 97 cART-treated HIV-1 patients, including 36 patients with HIV and HCV-chronic co-infection without anti-HCV treatment, 32 HIV patients with HCV spontaneous clearance and 29 HIV-monoinfected patients. rCD4+ T-cells were isolated and total DNA was extracted. HIV viral reservoir was measured by Alu-LTR qPCR. Differences between groups were calculated with a generalized linear model. Overall, 63.9% were men, median age of 41 years and Caucasian. Median CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes were 725 and 858 cells/mm3, respectively. CD4+ T nadir cells was 305 cells/mm3. Proviral HIV-1 DNA size was significantly increased in chronic HIV/HCV-coinfected compared to HIV-monoinfected patients (206.21 ± 47.38 vs. 87.34 ± 22.46, respectively; P = 0.009), as well as in spontaneously clarified HCV co-infected patients when compared to HIV-monoinfected individuals (136.20 ± 33.20; P = 0.009). HIV-1/HCV co-infected patients showed a larger HIV-1 reservoir size in comparison to HIV-monoinfected individuals. This increase could lead to a greater complexity in the elimination of HIV-1 reservoir in HIV-1/HCV-coinfected individuals, which should be considered in the current strategies for the elimination of HIV-1 reservoir. Sci Rep. 2019 Apr 3;9(1):5606. 10.1038/s41598-019-41788-9 2045-2322 2045-2322 Scientific reports 30944340 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/8888 HCV-coinfection is related to an increased HIV-1 reservoir size in cART-treated HIV patients: a cross-sectional study