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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Martinez-Lage, Marta author Puig-Serra, Pilar author Menéndez, Pablo author Torres-Ruiz Raul, Raul author Rodriguez Perales, Sandra author 2018-11-12 Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and remains a major economic and social burden. Although our understanding of cancer at the molecular level continues to improve, more effort is needed to develop new therapeutic tools and approaches exploiting these advances. Because of its high efficiency and accuracy, the CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technique has recently emerged as a potentially powerful tool in the arsenal of cancer therapy. Among its many applications, CRISPR-Cas9 has shown an unprecedented clinical potential to discover novel targets for cancer therapy and to dissect chemical-genetic interactions, providing insight into how tumours respond to drug treatment. Moreover, CRISPR-Cas9 can be employed to rapidly engineer immune cells and oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapeutic applications. Perhaps more importantly, the ability of CRISPR-Cas9 to accurately edit genes, not only in cell culture models and model organisms but also in humans, allows its use in therapeutic explorations. In this review, we discuss important considerations for the use of CRISPR/Cas9 in therapeutic settings and major challenges that will need to be addressed prior to its clinical translation for a complex and polygenic disease such as cancer. Biomedicines. 2018 ;6(4). pii: E105 10.3390/biomedicines6040105 2227-9059 Biomedicines 30424477 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/8369 CRISPR Cas9 Advance therapy Cancer models Genome engineering CRISPR/Cas9 for Cancer Therapy: Hopes and Challenges