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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Gómez-Gaviro, Maria Victoria author Lovell-Badge, Robin author Fernández-Avilés, Francisco author Lara-Pezzi, Enrique author 2012-10 Stem cells in adult organs reside in specialized niches that regulate their proliferation and differentiation. Investigations during the last few years have unveiled a regulatory role for blood vessels in these microenvironments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are located surrounding capillaries in a variety of tissues and have the capacity to differentiate into different mesodermal lineages. Angiogenic progenitor cells have also been found in the adventitial layer of large vessels. In the bone marrow, endothelial cells control hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) release, and in the brain, blood vessels regulate neural stem cell (NSC) self-renewal and neurogenesis. Similarly, perivascular progenitor cells have also been found in the heart. This intimate connection between stem cells and the vasculature contributes to tissue homeostasis and repair. In this review, we focus on the regulation of stem and progenitor cells in different adult niches by blood vessels and the few mechanisms that are known to mediate this interaction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2012; 5(5):618-30 10.1007/s12265-012-9371-x 1937-5395 1937-5387 Journal of cardiovascular translational research 22644724 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/7990 The vascular stem cell niche