2026-07-21T14:41:57Zhttps://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/requestoai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/76052025-06-19T11:25:58Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_19608col_20.500.12105_19613
Repisalud
author
Gullen, Pedro
author
Bilal, Usama
author
Cebrecos, Alba
author
Badland, Hannah
author
Galan, Iñaki
author
Franco, Manuel
funder
Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. 7 Programa Marco
funder
Fundación La Caixa
funder
National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia)
funder
Victorian Health Promotion Foundation
2019-05-20T09:47:24Z
2019-05-20T09:47:24Z
2017
Int J Health Geogr. 2017 Jun 6;16(1):21.
10.1186/s12942-017-0095-7
1476-072X
1476-072X
International journal of health geographics
28587623
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/7605
BACKGROUND: Previous studies found a complex relationship between area-level socioeconomic status (SES) and walkability. These studies did not include neighborhood dynamics. Our aim was to study the association between area-level SES and walkability in the city of Madrid (Spain) evaluating the potential effect modification of neighborhood dynamics. METHODS: All census sections of the city of Madrid (n = 2415) were included. Area-level SES was measured using a composite index of 7 indicators in 4 domains (education, wealth, occupation and living conditions). Two neighborhood dynamics factors were computed: gentrification, proxied by change in education levels in the previous 10 years, and neighborhood age, proxied by median year of construction of housing units in the area. Walkability was measured using a composite index of 4 indicators (Residential Density, Population Density, Retail Destinations and Street Connectivity). We modeled the association using linear mixed models with random intercepts. RESULTS: Area-level SES and walkability were inversely and significantly associated. Areas with lower SES showed the highest walkability. This pattern did not hold for areas with an increase in education level, where the association was flat (no decrease in walkability with higher SES). Moreover, the association was attenuated in newly built areas: the association was stronger in areas built before 1975, weaker in areas built between 1975 and 1990 and flat in areas built from 1990 on. CONCLUSION: Areas with higher neighborhood socioeconomic status had lower walkability in Madrid. This disadvantage in walkability was not present in recently built or gentrified areas.
eng
GIS
Neighborhood/pace
Physical activity
Urbanisation
Intersection of neighborhood dynamics and socioeconomic status in small-area walkability: the Heart Healthy Hoods project
research article
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URL
https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/a2941136-725c-4884-b3b0-52f223ca8a75/download
File
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IntersectionOfNeighborhoodDynamics_2017.pdf
URL
https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/f89db42a-2b24-48dd-a5b8-0ccf07270990/download
File
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text/plain
IntersectionOfNeighborhoodDynamics_2017.pdf.txt