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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Casanova-Acebes, Maria author Nicolas-Avila, Jose A. author Li, Jackson LiangYao author García-Silva, Susana author Balachander, Akhila author Rubio-Ponce, Andrea author Weiss, Linnea A author Adrover, Jose M author Burrows, Kyle author Alonso-Gonzalez, Noelia author Ballesteros, Ivan author Devi, Sapna author Quintana, Juan A. author Crainiciuc, Georgiana author Leiva, Magdalena author Gunzer, Matthias author Weber, Christian author Nagasawa, Takashi author Soehnlein, Oliver author Merad, Miriam author Mortha, Arthur author Ng, Lai Guan author Peinado Selgas , Hector author Hidalgo, Andres author 2018-11-05 Immune protection relies on the capacity of neutrophils to infiltrate challenged tissues. Naive tissues, in contrast, are believed to remain free of these cells and protected from their toxic cargo. Here, we show that neutrophils are endowed with the capacity to infiltrate multiple tissues in the steady-state, a process that follows tissue-specific dynamics. By focusing in two particular tissues, the intestine and the lungs, we find that neutrophils infiltrating the intestine are engulfed by resident macrophages, resulting in repression of Il23 transcription, reduced G-CSF in plasma, and reinforced activity of distant bone marrow niches. In contrast, diurnal accumulation of neutrophils within the pulmonary vasculature influenced circadian transcription in the lungs. Neutrophil-influenced transcripts in this organ were associated with carcinogenesis and migration. Consistently, we found that neutrophils dictated the diurnal patterns of lung invasion by melanoma cells. Homeostatic infiltration of tissues unveils a facet of neutrophil biology that supports organ function, but can also instigate pathological states. J Exp Med. 2018; 215(11):2778-95 10.1084/jem.20181468 1540-9538 0022-1007 The Journal of experimental medicine 30282719 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/6852 Neutrophils instruct homeostatic and pathological states in naive tissues