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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Bell, Robert M. author Botker, H. E. author Carr, R. D. author Davidson, S. M. author Downey, J. M. author Dutka, D. P. author Heusch, G. author Ibáñez, Borja author Macallister, R. author Stoppe, C. author Ovize, M. author Redington, A. author Walker, J. M. author Yellon, D. M. author 2016 In the 30 years since the original description of ischaemic preconditioning, understanding of the pathophysiology of ischaemia/reperfusion injury and concepts of cardioprotection have been revolutionised. In the same period of time, management of patients with coronary artery disease has also been transformed: coronary artery and valve surgery are now deemed routine with generally excellent outcomes, and the management of acute coronary syndromes has seen decade on decade reductions in cardiovascular mortality. Nonetheless, despite these improvements, cardiovascular disease and ischaemic heart disease in particular, remain the leading cause of death and a significant cause of long-term morbidity (with a concomitant increase in the incidence of heart failure) worldwide. The need for effective cardioprotective strategies has never been so pressing. However, despite unequivocal evidence of the existence of ischaemia/reperfusion in animal models providing a robust rationale for study in man, recent phase 3 clinical trials studying a variety of cardioprotective strategies in cardiac surgery and acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction have provided mixed results. The investigators meeting at the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute workshop describe the challenge of translating strong pre-clinical data into effective clinical intervention strategies in patients in whom effective medical therapy is already altering the pathophysiology of ischaemia/reperfusion injury-and lay out a clearly defined framework for future basic and clinical research to improve the chances of successful translation of strong pre-clinical interventions in man. Basic Res Cardiol. 2016; 111(4):41 10.1007/s00395-016-0558-1 1435-1803 0300-8428 Basic Research in Cardiology 27164905 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/5214 Ischaemia Reperfusion Injury Infarction Pre-clinical Basic research Clinical trials Ischaemic Preconditioning Postconditioning Conditioning RISK pathway SAFE pathway p2y12 Opiates Asprin Beta blockers Statins Metoprolol Cyclosporine CABG Valve replacement Cardiac surgery Mitochondrial transition pore Necrosis Apoptosis Necroptosis Autophagy Pyroptosis DNA ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY MITOCHONDRIAL PERMEABILITY TRANSITION BYPASS GRAFT-SURGERY CYCLOSPORINE-A SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION EXPERIMENTAL-MODELS CARDIAC-SURGERY SALVAGE KINASE 9th Hatter Biannual Meeting: position document on ischaemia/reperfusion injury, conditioning and the ten commandments of cardioprotection