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oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/47912025-06-23T18:33:11Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_19609
Repisalud author Gálvez, Rosa author Descalzo, Miguel Angel author Molina, Ricardo author Miró, Guadalupe author Fraile, Cristeta funder Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals-Bayer Pharma AG 2017-09-04T16:24:58Z 2017-09-04T16:24:58Z 2011-04-13 Parasit Vectors. 2011; 4: 52 10.1186/1756-3305-4-52 1756-3305 Parasites & Vectors 21489241 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/4791 BACKGROUND: In Europe most dogs with clinical leishmaniosis are treated with leishmanicides, typically antimonials combined with allopurinol and good clinical recovery is observed in a high number of these dogs. Through xenodiagnosis, the capacity of a treated animal to infect the vector of the disease under treatment is assessed as a measure of the chemotherapeutic efficacy of the drug used. The objective of the present study was to evaluate through direct xenodiagnosis the infectivity to Phlebotomus perniciosus of dogs naturally parasitized with Leishmania infantum after treatment, and to follow the clinical and parasite course of disease. Thirty two dogs with clinical leishmaniosis were assigned to one of three treatment groups: meglumine antimoniate plus allopurinol (Group A), meglumine antimoniate (Group B) or allopurinol (Group C). During the study, the dogs were examined before treatment (Day 0) and bimonthly thereafter until Day 180 (six months post-treatment onset). RESULTS: The three groups were scored over time according to the effects of treatment on clinical signs and clinical-pathological variables. Significant differences in clinical scores were observed between Group A and the other two groups, indicating the combined treatment was the most effective. After treatment, bone marrow cultures were positive for the parasite in 30.8% of dogs in some of the check ups (3 or 25% in Group A, 1 or 11.1% in Group B, and 4 or 80% in Group C). Our xenodiagnosis experiments revealed that 15.4% of treated dogs were still able to infect sand flies at some point after treatment (2 dogs or 16.6% in Group A, 2 or 22.2% in Group B and none in Group C). Only 7.7% of the entire study population could infect sand flies as from the second month post-treatment onset. CONCLUSION: The three treatment regimens tested significantly reduced the infectivity of dogs towards sand flies, thus diminishing the epidemiological risks of treated dogs both for human beings and other healthy dogs. Despite its low cure rate, the use of allopurinol after a course of leishmanicide treatment is proposed to keep dogs non-infectious during the disease transmission season (4-6 months in southern Europe). eng Infectivity to Phlebotomus perniciosus of dogs naturally parasitized with Leishmania infantum after different treatments research article URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/cc30be2f-525c-46ef-9bac-84df9c66202b/download File MD5 010359d4577c5f53a7aae14ebca0d424 441682 application/pdf InfectivityToPhlebotomusPerniciosus_2011.pdf URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/51f08742-939f-49d7-8d27-2149516ad720/download File MD5 990216fded2797020d5b89086fb2a7b9 30991 text/plain 13071_2011_Article_305.pdf.txt URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/0f08d415-a05c-403c-9ef3-2718604245a2/download File MD5 990216fded2797020d5b89086fb2a7b9 30991 text/plain 13071_2011_Article_305.pdf.txt URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/47ebad28-6d6e-41da-aa86-74191686c10b/download File MD5 990216fded2797020d5b89086fb2a7b9 30991 text/plain InfectivityToPhlebotomusPerniciosus_2011.pdf.txt URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/c32e1fad-0541-4729-8209-a4a52789b765/download File MD5 990216fded2797020d5b89086fb2a7b9 30991 text/plain InfectivityToPhlebotomusPerniciosus_2011.pdf.txt