2026-10-08T10:31:43Zhttps://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/request
oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/276932026-09-09T00:17:33Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_19608
Repisalud author Hernando Sebastian, Victoria author Filipe Santos, Catarina author Cuenca, Natalia author Del Amo, Julia author Diaz Franco, Asuncion author Acín, Enrique author Martinez-Aznar, Carmen 2026-09-08T11:04:39Z 2026-09-08T11:04:39Z 2026-02 Hernando V, Santos CF, Cuenca N, Del Amo J, Diaz A, Acín E, Martinez-Aznar C. Epidemiology and control of human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C virus in Spanish prisons over the last 30 years: Towards the achievement of sustainable development goals. Public Health. 2026 Feb;251:106097. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2025.106097. Epub 2025 Dec 13. PMID: 41391358. 10.1016/j.puhe.2025.106097 Public Health https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/27693 Objectives: Our aims were to describe the public health interventions for the prevention and control of HIV and HCV infections in penitentiary institutions in Spain from 1989 until 2023 and to describe the epidemiological trends of HIV and HCV among inmates from 1993 until 2023. Study design: Ecological and retrospective observational study. Methods: All prevention programs and control measures for HIV and HCV infections implemented in Spanish prisons were reviewed. Aggregate data were extracted from central registries, reports, official documents (grey literature) and epidemiological bulletins issued by the Public Health division of the General Subdirectorate of Prison Health. Results: Various control measures, such as harm reduction programs, including syringe exchange and methadone maintenance programs, have been implemented in Spanish prisons since 1989. These measures have been modified and adapted in response to changes in the prison population. The prevalence of HIV and HCV infection among inmates in Spanish prisons has decreased markedly over the study period: from 23.5 % in 1993 to 3.2 % in 2023 for HIV, and from 48.6 % in 1998 to 9.6 % in 2023 for HCV. In the past three years, fewer than 1 % of inmates had a detectable HCV viral load. No HIV or HCV seroconversions have been reported in Spanish prisons since 2015 and 2020, respectively. Conclusions: This ecological study found a correlation between interventions designed and implemented in Spanish prisons for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HIV and HCV, and a reduction in the prevalence of these infections among the prison population. eng HCV HIV Harm reduction program Needle exchanges program Prison Prisoner Epidemiology and control of human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C virus in Spanish prisons over the last 30 years: Towards the achievement of sustainable development goals. research article 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 URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/5ae0ecd0-b2bc-4fd1-adf6-ab5f097468c9/download File MD5 86749033c599f49edfc3df12207397f6 4683425 application/pdf EpidemiologyControlHumanImmunodeficiency_2026.pdf URL https://repisalud.isciii.es/bitstreams/ed9a063b-b30f-4e50-b46d-bca80b5852b1/download File MD5 67351feb2ea9b6a08055476ccb6c1245 558994 application/zip Supplementary_EpidemiologyControlHumanImmunodeficiency_2026.zip