<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-08-29T07:31:53Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/26101" metadataPrefix="marc">https://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/26101</identifier><datestamp>2025-12-18T13:00:43Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_20.500.12105_19586</setSpec><setSpec>com_20.500.12105_2202</setSpec><setSpec>col_20.500.12105_19587</setSpec></header><metadata><record xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/schema/MARC21slim.xsd">
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      <subfield code="a">Soriano, Joan B</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Peláez, Adrián</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Busquets, Xavier</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Rodrigo-García, María</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Pérez-Urría, Elena Ávalos</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Alonso, Tamara</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Girón, Rosa</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Valenzuela, Claudia</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Marcos, Celeste</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">García-Castillo, Elena</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Ancochea, Julio</subfield>
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      <subfield code="c">2023</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">Background: An association of ABO blood group and COVID-19 remains controversial.

Methods: Following STROBE guidance for observational research, we explored the distribution of ABO blood group in patients hospitalized for acute COVID-19 and in those with Long COVID. Contingency tables were made and risk factors were explored using crude and adjusted Mantle-Haentzel odds ratios (OR and 95% CI).

Results: Up to September 2022, there were a total of 5,832 acute COVID-19 hospitalizations in our hospital, corresponding to 5,503 individual patients, of whom blood group determination was available for 1,513 (27.5%). Their distribution by ABO was: 653 (43.2%) group 0, 690 (45.6%) A, 113 (7.5%) B, and 57 (3.8%) AB, which corresponds to the expected frequencies in the general population. In parallel, of 676 patients with Long COVID, blood group determination was available for 135 (20.0%). Their distribution was: 60 (44.4%) from group 0, 61 (45.2%) A, 9 (6.7%) B, and 5 (3.7%) AB. The distribution of the ABO system of Long COVID patients did not show significant differences with respect to that of the total group (p ≥ 0.843). In a multivariate analysis adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, and severity of acute COVID-19 infection, subgroups A, AB, and B were not significantly associated with developing Long COVID with an OR of 1.015 [0.669-1.541], 1.327 [0.490-3.594] and 0.965 [0.453-2.058], respectively. The effect of the Rh+ factor was also not significant 1,423 [0.772-2,622] regarding Long COVID.

Conclusions: No association of any ABO blood subgroup with COVID-19 or developing Long COVID was identified.</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">PLoS One. 2023 Jun 2;18(6):e0286769.</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">PLoS One</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">37267401</subfield>
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      <subfield code="a">https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/26101</subfield>
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   <datafield ind2="0" ind1="0" tag="245">
      <subfield code="a">ABO blood group as a determinant of COVID-19 and Long COVID: An observational, longitudinal, large study.</subfield>
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