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oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/250682025-12-18T13:01:28Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051com_20.500.12105_15322col_20.500.12105_19610col_20.500.12105_16959

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Desalegn, Anteneh author Schillemans, Tessa author Papadopoulou, Eleni author Sakhi, Amrit K author Haug, Line S author Henriette Caspersen, Ida author Rodríguez-Carrillo, Andrea author Remy, Sylvie author Schoeters, Greet author Covaci, Adrian author Laeremans, Michelle author Fernández, Mariana F author Pedraza-Diaz, Susana author Kold Jensen, Tina author Frederiksen, Hanne author Åkesson, Agneta author Cox, Bianca author Cynthia D'Cruz, Shereen author Rambaud, Loïc author Riou, Margaux author Kolossa-Gehring, Marike author Gerofke, Antje author Murawski, Aline author Vogel, Nina author Gabriel, Catherine author Karakitsios, Spyros author Papaioannou, Nafsika author Sarigiannis, Dimosthenis author Barbone, Fabio author Rosolen, Valentina author Lignell, Sanna author Karin Lindroos, Anna author Snoj Tratnik, Janja author Stajnko, Anja author Kosjek, Tina author Tkalec, Žiga author Fábelová, Lucia author Palkovicova Murinova, Lubica author Kolena, Branislav author Wimmerova, Sona author Szigeti, Tamás author Középesy, Szilvia author van den Brand, Annick author Zock, Jan-Paul author Janasik, Beata author Wasowicz, Wojciech author De Decker, Annelies author De Henauw, Stefaan author Govarts, Eva author Iszatt, Nina author 2024-08 Background: Phthalates are ubiquitous in the environment. Despite short half-lives, chronic exposure can lead to endocrine disruption. The safety of phthalate substitute DINCH is unclear. Objective: To evaluate associations between urinary concentrations of phthalate/DINCH metabolites and body mass index (BMI) z-score among children and adolescents. Method: We used Human Biomonitoring for Europe Aligned Studies data from 2876 children (12 studies, 6-12 years, 2014-2021) and 2499 adolescents (10 studies, 12-18 years, 2014-2021) with up to 14 phthalate/DINCH urinary metabolites. We used multilevel linear regression to assess associations between phthalate/DINCH concentrations and BMI z-scores, testing effect modification by sex. In a subset, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and quantile-based g-computation assessed important predictors and mixture effects. Results: In children, we found few associations in single pollutant models and no interactions by sex (p-interaction > 0.1). BKMR detected no relevant exposures (posterior inclusion probabilities, PIPs < 0.25), nor joint mixture effect. In adolescent single pollutant analysis, mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) concentrations were associated with higher BMI z-score in males (β = 0.08, 95 % CI: 0.001,0.15, per interquartile range increase in ln-transformed concentrations, p-interaction = 0.06). Conversely, mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) was associated with a lower BMI z-score in both sexes (β = -0.13, 95 % CI: -0.19, -0.07, p-interaction = 0.74), as was sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (∑DEHP) metabolites in females only (β = -0.08, 95 % CI: -0.14, -0.02, p-interaction = 0.01). In BKMR, higher BMI z-scores were predicted by MEP (PIP=0.90) and MBzP (PIP=0.84) in males. Lower BMI z-scores were predicted by MiBP (PIP=0.999), OH-MIDP (PIP=0.88) and OH-MINCH (PIP=0.72) in both sexes, less robustly by DEHP (PIP=0.61) in females. In quantile g-computation, the overall mixture effect was null for males, and trended negative for females (β = -0.11, 95 % CI: -0.25, 0.03, per joint exposure quantile). Conclusion: In this large Europe-wide study, we found age/sex-specific differences between phthalate metabolites and BMI z-score, stronger in adolescents. Longitudinal studies with repeated phthalate measurements are needed. Environ Int. 2024 Aug:190:108931. 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108931 1873-6750 0160-4120 Environment international 39142134 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/25068 Urinary concentrations of phthalate/DINCH metabolites and body mass index among European children and adolescents in the HBM4EU Aligned Studies: A cross-sectional multi-country study