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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Pérez-Vega, Karla Alejandra author Castañer, Olga author Sanllorente, Albert author Lassale, Camille author Ros, Emilio author Pintó, Xavier author Estruch, Ramon author Salas-Salvado, Jordi author Corella, Dolores author Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M author Serra-Majem, Lluis author Razquin, Cristina author Fiol Sala, Miquel author Lapetra, José author Gómez-Gracia, Enrique author Tinahones, Francisco J author Hernaez, Alvaro author Fito, Montserrat author 2023-01 Scope: Some very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) properties may render them more pro-atherogenic. We aimed to assess whether a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) or an energy-reduced MedDiet with increased physical activity improves them. Methods and results: In a sample of the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) study, a 1-year intervention with MedDiet with extra-virgin olive oil (n = 89) or nuts (MedDiet-Nuts; n = 79) is compared with a low-fat diet (n = 90). In the PREDIMED-Plus study, a 1-year intervention with energy-reduced MedDiet and physical activity (n = 103) is compared with an ad libitum MedDiet (n = 101). VLDL levels of apolipoprotein C-I, C-III, triglycerides, and cholesterol; the apolipoprotein E-/C-I ratio; and VLDL ex-vivo triglyceride transfer are measured. In PREDIMED participants in both MedDiet groups combined, VLDL apolipoprotein C-III levels are nominally reduced (-0.023 SD units, 95% CI -0.44 to -0.014, p = 0.037). VLDL triglyceride transfer is nominally increased in the MedDiet-Nuts group (+0.39 SD units, 95% CI 0.012-0.78, p = 0.045). In PREDIMED-Plus, no inter-group differences are detected. Conclusions: In older adults at high cardiovascular risk, MedDiet is associated with lower VLDL atherogenicity versus a low-fat diet. No differences are seen after an energy-reduced MedDiet with physical activity. Pérez-Vega KA, Castañer O, Sanllorente A, Lassale C, Ros E, Pintó X, et al. Mediterranean Diet, Energy Restriction, Physical Activity, and Atherogenicity of Very-Low Density Lipoproteins: Findings from Two Randomized Controlled Trials. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2023 Jan;67(1):e2200338. 10.1002/mnfr.202200338 1613-4133 Molecular nutrition & food research https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/18831 36353918 L639487783 2-s2.0-85143758126 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/23711 888908700001 Mediterranean Diet, Energy Restriction, Physical Activity, and Atherogenicity of Very-Low Density Lipoproteins: Findings from Two Randomized Controlled Trials