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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc González-Palacios, Sandra author Oncina-Cánovas, Alejandro author García-de-la-Hera, Manuela author Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel author Salas-Salvado, Jordi author Corella, Dolores author Schröder, Helmut author Martínez, J Alfredo author Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M author Wärnberg, Julia author Romaguera, Dora author López-Miranda, José author Estruch, Ramon author Tinahones, Francisco J author Lapetra, José author Serra-Majem, Lluis author Cano-Ibañez, Naomi author Tur, Josep A author Martín-Sánchez, Vicente author Pintó, Xavier author Delgado-Rodriguez, Miguel author Matía-Martín, Pilar author Vidal, Josep author Vazquez, Clotilde author Daimiel, Lidia author Ros, Emilio author Bes-Rastrollo, Maira author Atzeni, Alessandro author Sorli, Jose V author Zomeño-Fajardo, María Dolores author Peña-Orihuela, Patricia J author Compañ-Gabucio, Laura M author Barón-López, Francisco J author Zulet, María Ángeles author Konieczna, Jadwiga author Casas, Rosa M author Garrido-Garrido, Eva M author Tojal-Sierra, Lucas author Gomez-Perez, Ana M author Ruiz-Canela, Miguel author Palau-Galindo, Antoni author Saiz, Carmen author Pérez-Vega, Karla A author Garcia-Rios, Antonio author Torres-Collado, Laura author Basterra-Gortari, Javier author Garcidueñas-Fimbres, Tany E author Malcampo, Mireia author Vioque, Jesus author 2023-06-07 Background and aims: The association between changes in ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors remains understudied. We evaluated the association between changes in UPF consumption over 12 months of follow-up and changes in CMR factors in adults diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Methods: We analysed data from 5373 adults (aged 55-75 years) participating in the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Diet was evaluated at baseline, 6- and 12-month visits using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and UPF consumption (in grams/day and percentage of total daily dietary intake in grams) was categorized based on NOVA classification. We used mixed-effects linear models with repeated measurements at baseline, 6 and 12 months of follow-up to assess the associations between changes in UPF consumption and changes in CMR factors adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyles variables. Results: In multivariable-adjusted models, when comparing the highest versus the lowest quartile of UPF consumption, positive associations were found for several CMR factors: weight (kg, β = 1.09; 95% confidence interval 0.91 to 1.26); BMI (kg/m2, β = 0.39; 0.33 to 0.46); waist circumference (cm, β = 1.03; 0.81 to 1.26); diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg, β = 0.67; 0.29 to 1.06); fasting blood glucose (mg/dl, β = 1.66; 0.61 to 2.70); HbA1c (%, β = 0.04; 0.01 to 0.07); triglycerides (mg/dl, β = 6.79; 3.66 to 9.91) and triglycerides and glucose index (β = 0.06; 0.04 to 0.08). Conclusions: Higher UPF consumption was associated with adverse evolution in objectively measured CMR factors after 12 months of follow-up in adults with metabolic syndrome. Further research is needed to explore whether these changes persist for longer periods. González-Palacios S, Oncina-Cánovas A, García-de-la-Hera M, Martínez-González MÁ, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, et al. Increased ultra-processed food consumption is associated with worsening of cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with metabolic syndrome: Longitudinal analysis from a randomized trial. Atherosclerosis. 2023 Jun 7;377:12-23. 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.05.022 1879-1484 Atherosclerosis https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/19053 37343432 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/23689 1037110500001 Increased ultra-processed food consumption is associated with worsening of cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with metabolic syndrome: Longitudinal analysis from a randomized trial