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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Bullón-Vela, Vanessa author Xu, Yifan author Razquin, Cristina author Abete, Itziar author Zulet, Maria Angeles author Martínez-González, Miguel A author Buil-Corsiales, Pilar author Vitelli-Storelli, Facundo author Martín Sánchez, Vicente author Vazquez-Ruiz, Zenaida author Sayon-Orea, Carmen author Domínguez-Fernández, Maite author Cid, Concepción author Estruch, Ramon author Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa María author Fito, Montserrat author Blanchart, Gemma author Babio, Nancy author Salas-Salvado, Jordi author Tinahones, Francisco J author Tur, Josep A author Romaguera, Dora author Konieczna, Jadwiga author Pintó, Xavier author Daimiel, Lidia author Rodriguez-Mateos, Ana author Martínez, José Alfredo author 2023-01-23 Background: Dietary flavonoid intake is associated with a reduced risk of some cardiometabolic disorders, attributed in part to their claimed anti-inflammatory activity. Our aim was to investigate the potential association between specific urine flavonoid metabolites, liver enzymes, and inflammatory status in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, clinical and dietary data from 267 participants, aged 55 to 75 years, participating in the PREDIMED Plus study (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) were analyzed. At the baseline, spot urine samples were collected and seven urinary flavonoid metabolites were quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-q-Q MS). Liver enzymes, inflammatory scores, and urinary flavonoid concentrations were inverse normally transformed. Results: Adjusted linear regression models showed an inverse association between urinary citrus flavanone concentrations and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (all p-values <0.05). Naringenin 7'-GlcUA was significantly associated with a lower aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI) (Bper 1SD = -0.14; 95% CI: -0.27 to -0.02; p-value = 0.025) and systemic inflammation index (SII) (Bper 1SD = -0.14; 95% CI: -0.27 to -0.02; p-value = 0.028). To investigate the relationship between flavanone subclasses and GGT levels, we fitted a score of citrus-flavanones, and subjects were stratified into quartiles. The highest values of the citrus-flavanone score (per 1-SD increase) were associated with lower GGT levels (Bper 1SD = -0.41; 95% CI: -0.74 to -0.07), exhibiting a linear trend across quartiles (p-trend = 0.015). Conclusion: This cross-sectional study showed that higher urinary excretion of citrus-flavanone metabolites was associated with lower GGT levels in subjects diagnosed with MetS and obesity. Bullón-Vela V, Xu Y, Razquin C, Abete I, Zulet MA, Martínez-González MA, et al. Health associations of liver enzymes and inflammatory scores with urinary citrus flavonoid metabolites. Food Funct. 2023;14(2):1011-23. 10.1039/d2fo02846h 2042-650X Food & function https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/18687 36562455 L639850291 2-s2.0-85144960321 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/23674 903073700001 Health associations of liver enzymes and inflammatory scores with urinary citrus flavonoid metabolites