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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Garcia, Silvia author Bouzas, Cristina author Mateos, David author Pastor, Rosario author Álvarez, Laura author Rubín, María author Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel author Salas-Salvado, Jordi author Corella, Dolores author Goday, Albert author Martínez, J Alfredo author Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M author Wärnberg, Julia author Vioque, Jesus author Romaguera, Dora author Lopez-Miranda, José author Estruch, Ramon author Tinahones, Francisco J author Lapetra, José author Serra-Majem, Lluis author Riquelme-Gallego, Blanca author Pintó, Xavier author Gaforio, José J author Matía, Pilar author Vidal, Josep author Vazquez, Clotilde author Daimiel, Lidia author Ros, Emilio author Bes-Rastrollo, Maira author Guillem-Saiz, Patricia author Nishi, Stephanie author Cabanes, Robert author Abete, Itziar author Goicolea-Güemez, Leire author Gómez-Gracia, Enrique author Signes-Pastor, Antonio José author Colom Fernández, Antoni author García-Ríos, Antonio author Castro-Barquero, Sara author Fernández-García, José Carlos author Santos-Lozano, José Manuel author Vázquez, Zenaida author Sorli, Jose V author Pascual, Maria author Castañer, Olga author Zulet, Maria Angeles author Vaquero-Luna, Jessica author Basterra-Gortari, F Javier author Babio, Nancy author Ciurana, Ramon author Martín-Sánchez, Vicente author Tur, Josep A author 2023-01-05 Background: Research related to sustainable diets is is highly relevant to provide better understanding of the impact of dietary intake on the health and the environment. Aim: To assess the association between the adherence to an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet and the amount of CO2 emitted in an older adult population. Design and population: Using a cross-sectional design, the association between the adherence to an energy-reduced Mediterranean Diet (erMedDiet) score and dietary CO2 emissions in 6646 participants was assessed. Methods: Food intake and adherence to the erMedDiet was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaire and 17-item Mediterranean questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics were documented. Environmental impact was calculated through greenhouse gas emissions estimations, specifically CO2 emissions of each participant diet per day, using a European database. Participants were distributed in quartiles according to their estimated CO2 emissions expressed in kg/day: Q1 (≤2.01 kg CO2), Q2 (2.02-2.34 kg CO2), Q3 (2.35-2.79 kg CO2) and Q4 (≥2.80 kg CO2). Results: More men than women induced higher dietary levels of CO2 emissions. Participants reporting higher consumption of vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, whole cereals, preferring white meat, and having less consumption of red meat were mostly emitting less kg of CO2 through diet. Participants with higher adherence to the Mediterranean Diet showed lower odds for dietary CO2 emissions: Q2 (OR 0.87; 95%CI: 0.76-1.00), Q3 (OR 0.69; 95%CI: 0.69-0.79) and Q4 (OR 0.48; 95%CI: 0.42-0.55) vs Q1 (reference). Conclusions: The Mediterranean diet can be environmentally protective since the higher the adherence to the Mediterranean diet, the lower total dietary CO2 emissions. Mediterranean Diet index may be used as a pollution level index. García S, Bouzas C, Mateos D, Pastor R, Álvarez L, Rubén M, et al. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and adherence to Mediterranean diet in an adult population: the Mediterranean diet index as a pollution level index. Environ Heal. 2023 Jan 5;22(1):1. 10.1186/s12940-022-00956-7 1476-069X Environmental health : a global access science source https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/18883 36600281 L2020948615 2-s2.0-85145535079 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/23602 908802000001 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and adherence to Mediterranean diet in an adult population: the Mediterranean diet index as a pollution level index