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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Picó, Catalina author Palou, Mariona author Amadora Pomar, Catalina author Rodriguez, Ana María author Palou, Andreu author 2022-02 Leptin is a hormone primarily produced by the adipose tissue in proportion to the size of fat stores, with a primary function in the control of lipid reserves. Besides adipose tissue, leptin is also produced by other tissues, such as the stomach, placenta, and mammary gland. Altogether, leptin exerts a broad spectrum of short, medium, and long-term regulatory actions at the central and peripheral levels, including metabolic programming effects that condition the proper development and function of the adipose organ, which are relevant for its main role in energy homeostasis. Comprehending how leptin regulates adipose tissue may provide important clues to understand the pathophysiology of obesity and related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, as well as its prevention and treatment. This review focuses on the physiological and long-lasting regulatory effects of leptin on adipose tissue, the mechanisms and pathways involved, its main outcomes on whole-body physiological homeostasis, and its consequences on chronic diseases. Pico C, Palou M, Pomar CA, Rodriguez AM, Palou A. Leptin as a key regulator of the adipose organ. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2022 Feb;23(1):13-30. 1389-9155 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/19665 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/23470 34523036 10.1007/s11154-021-09687-5 1573-2606 Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders 2-s2.0-85114853660 695807300001 L2013691275 Leptin Adipose organ Adiposity Energy homeostasis Metabolic programming Development Leptin as a key regulator of the adipose organ