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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Castillo, Pedro author Palou, Mariona author Yau-Qiu, Zhi Xin author Rodriguez, Ana M author Palou, Andreu author Picó, Catalina author 2021-09 We studied whether myo-inositol supplementation throughout lactation, alone and combined with leptin, may reverse detrimental effects on hypothalamic structure and function caused by gestational calorie gestation (CR) in rats. Candidate early transcript-based biomarkers of metabolic health in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were also studied. offspring of dams exposed to 25% gestational CR and supplemented during lactation with physiological doses of leptin (CR-L), myo-inositol (CR-M), the combination (CR-LM), or the vehicle (CR-V) as well as control rats (CON-V) were followed and sacrificed at postnatal day 25. Myo-inositol and the combination increased the number of neurons in arcuate nucleus (ARC) (only in females) and paraventricular nucleus, and myo-inositol (alone) restored the number of alpha MSH+ neurons in ARC. Hypothalamic mRNA levels of Lepr in CR-M and Insr in CR-M and CR-LM males were higher than in CR-V and CON-V, respectively. In PBMC, increased expression levels of Lrp11 and Gls in CR-V were partially normalized in all supplemented groups (but only in males for Gls). Therefore, myo-inositol supplementation throughout lactation, alone and combined with leptin, reverts programmed alterations by fetal undernutrition on hypothalamic structure and gene expression of potential early biomarkers of metabolic health in PBMC, which might be attributed, in part, to increased leptin sensitivity. Castillo P, Palou M, Yau-Qiu ZX, Rodriguez AM, Palou A, Pico C. Myo-Inositol Supplementation in Suckling Rats Protects against Adverse Programming Outcomes on Hypothalamic Structure Caused by Mild Gestational Calorie Restriction, Partially Comparable to Leptin Effects. Nutrients. 2021 Sep;13(9):3257. 10.3390/nu13093257 2072-6643 Nutrients https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/19701 34579137 L2013790157 2-s2.0-85115117498 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/23283 700147600001 Fetal undernutrition Myo-inositol Leptin Lactation period Metabolic programming Arcuate nucleus Paraventricular nucleus PBMC Myo-Inositol Supplementation in Suckling Rats Protects against Adverse Programming Outcomes on Hypothalamic Structure Caused by Mild Gestational Calorie Restriction, Partially Comparable to Leptin Effects