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Repisalud author Abete, Itziar author Konieczna, Jadwiga author Angeles Zulet, M author Galmes-Panades, Aina Maria author Ibero-Baraibar, Idoia author Babio, Nancy author Estruch, Ramon author Vidal, Josep author Toledo, Estefanía author Razquin, Cristina author Bartolome, Rafael author Diaz-Lopez, Andres author Fiol Sala, Miquel author Casas, Rosa author Vera, Josep author Buil-Cosiales, Pilar author Pinto, Xavier author Corbella, Emili author Puy-Portillo, María author de Paz, Jose Antonio author Martín, Vicente author Daimiel, Lidia author Goday, Albert author Rosique-Esteban, Nuria author Salas-Salvado, Jordi author Romaguera, Dora author Alfredo Martinez, J author PREDIMED-PLUS Investigators 2024-09-10T13:10:40Z 2024-09-10T13:10:40Z 2019-10 Abete I, Konieczna J, Zulet MA, Galmes A, Ibero-Baraibar I, Babio N, et al. Association of lifestyle factors and inflammation with sarcopenic obesity: data from the PREDIMED-Plus trial. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2019 Oct;10(5):974-84. Epub 2019 May 29. 2190-5991 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/17140 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/22828 31144432 10.1002/jcsm.12442 2190-6009 Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle 2-s2.0-85066468114 493023300004 L627955511 Background Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related skeletal muscle disorder associated with increased likelihood of adverse outcomes. Muscle wasting is often accompanied by an increase in body fat, leading to 'sarcopenic obesity'. The aim of the present study was to analyse the association of lifestyle variables such as diet, dietary components, physical activity (PA), body composition, and inflammatory markers, with the risk of sarcopenic obesity. Methods A cross-sectional analysis based on baseline data from the PREDIMED-Plus study was performed. A total of 1535 participants (48% women) with overweight/obesity (body mass index: 32.5 +/- 3.3 kg/m(2); age: 65.2 +/- 4.9 years old) and metabolic syndrome were categorized according to sex-specific tertiles (T) of the sarcopenic index (SI) as assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning. Anthropometrical measurements, biochemical markers, dietary intake, and PA information were collected. Linear regression analyses were carried out to evaluate the association between variables. Results Subjects in the first SI tertile were older, less physically active, showed higher frequency of abdominal obesity and diabetes, and consumed higher saturated fat and less vitamin C than subjects from the other two tertiles (all P < 0.05). Multiple adjusted linear regression models evidenced significant positive associations across tertiles of SI with adherence to the Mediterranean dietary score (P-trend < 0.05), PA (P-trend < 0.0001), and the 30 s chair stand test (P-trend < 0.0001), whereas significant negative associations were found with an inadequate vitamin C consumption (P-trend < 0.05), visceral fat and leucocyte count (all P-trend < 0.0001), and some white cell subtypes (neutrophils and monocytes), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet count (all P-trend < 0.05). When models were additionally adjusted by potential mediators (inflammatory markers, diabetes, and waist circumference), no relevant changes were observed, only dietary variables lost significance. Conclusions Diet and PA are important regulatory mediators of systemic inflammation, which is directly involved in the sarcopenic process. A healthy dietary pattern combined with exercise is a promising strategy to limit age-related sarcopenia. eng Sarcopenic index Visceral fat Leucocyte count Mediterranean diet score Systemic inflammation Physical activity Association of lifestyle factors and inflammation with sarcopenic obesity: data from the PREDIMED-Plus trial research article