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Repisalud author Voerman, Ellis author Santos, Susana author Golab, Bernadeta Patro author Amiano, Pilar author Ballester, Ferran author Barros, Henrique author Bergstrom, Anna author Charles, Marie-Aline author Chatzi, Leda author Chevrier, Cecile author Chrousos, George P author Corpeleijn, Eva author Costet, Nathalie author Crozier, Sarah author Devereux, Graham author Eggesbo, Merete author Ekström, Sandra author Fantini, Maria Pia author Farchi, Sara author Forastiere, Francesco author Georgiu, Vagelis author Godfrey, Keith M author Gori, Davide author Grote, Veit author Hanke, Wojciech author Hertz-Picciotto, Irva author Heude, Barbara author Hryhorczuk, Daniel author Huang, Rae-Chi author Inskip, Hazel author Iszatt, Nina author Karvonen, Anne M author Kenny, Louise C author Koletzko, Berthold author Kupers, Leanne K author Lagstrom, Hanna author Lehmann, Irina author Magnus, Per author Majewska, Renata author Makela, Johanna author Manios, Yannis author McAuliffe, Fionnuala M author McDonald, Sheila W author Mehegan, John author Mommers, Monique author Morgen, Camilla S author Mori, Trevor A author Moschonis, George author Murray, Deirdre author Chaoimh, Carol Ni author Nohr, Ellen A author Andersen, Anne-Marie Nybo author Oken, Emily author Oostvogels, Adriette JJM author Pac, Agnieszka author Papadopoulou, Eleni author Pekkanen, Juha author Pizzi, Costanza author Polanska, Kinga author Porta, Daniela author Richiardi, Lorenzo author Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L author Ronfani, Luca author Santos, Ana C author Standl, Marie author Stoltenberg, Camilla author Thiering, Elisabeth author Thijs, Carel author Torrent Quetglas, Maties author Tough, Suzanne C author Trnovec, Tomas author Turner, Steve author Van Rossem, Lenie author Von Berg, Andrea author Vrijheid, Martine author Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M author West, Jane author Wijga, Alet author Wright, John author Zvinchuk, Oleksandr author Sorensen, Thorkild IA author Lawlor, Debbie A author Gaillard, Romy author Jaddoe, Vincent WV 2024-09-10T13:09:55Z 2024-09-10T13:09:55Z 2019-02 Voerman E, Santos S, Golab BP, Amiano Pi, Ballester F, Barros H, et al. Maternal body mass index, gestational weight gain, and the risk of overweight and obesity across childhood: An individual participant data meta-analysis. PLos Med. 2019 Feb;16(2):e1002744. 1549-1277 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/17668 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/22792 30742624 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002744 1549-1676 PloS Medicine 2-s2.0-85061355790 460128900007 L2001605584 Background: Maternal obesity and excessive gestational weight gain may have persistent effects on offspring fat development. However, it remains unclear whether these effects differ by severity of obesity, and whether these effects are restricted to the extremes of maternal body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain. We aimed to assess the separate and combined associations of maternal BMI and gestational weight gain with the risk of overweight/obesity throughout childhood, and their population impact. Methods and findings: We conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis of data from 162,129 mothers and their children from 37 pregnancy and birth cohort studies from Europe, North America, and Australia. We assessed the individual and combined associations of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain, both in clinical categories and across their full ranges, with the risks of overweight/obesity in early (2.0-5.0 years), mid (5.0-10.0 years) and late childhood (10.0-18.0 years), using multilevel binary logistic regression models with a random intercept at cohort level adjusted for maternal sociodemographic and lifestylerelated characteristics. We observed that higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain both in clinical categories and across their full ranges were associated with higher risks of childhood overweight/obesity, with the strongest effects in late childhood (odds ratios [ORs] for overweight/obesity in early, mid, and late childhood, respectively: OR 1.66 [95% CI: 1.56, 1.78], OR 1.91 [95% CI: 1.85, 1.98], and OR 2.28 [95% CI: 2.08, 2.50] for maternal overweight; OR 2.43 [95% CI: 2.24, 2.64], OR 3.12 [95% CI: 2.98, 3.27], and OR 4.47 [95% CI: 3.99, 5.23] for maternal obesity; and OR 1.39 [95% CI: 1.30, 1.49], OR 1.55 [95% CI: 1.49, 1.60], and OR 1.72 [95% CI: 1.56, 1.91] for excessive gestational weight gain). The proportions of childhood overweight/obesity prevalence attributable to maternal overweight, maternal obesity, and excessive gestational weight gain ranged from 10.2% to 21.6%. Relative to the effect of maternal BMI, excessive gestational weight gain only slightly increased the risk of childhood overweight/obesity within each clinical BMI category (p-values for interactions of maternal BMI with gestational weight gain: p = 0.038, p < 0.001, and p = 0.637 in early, mid, and late childhood, respectively). Limitations of this study include the self-report of maternal BMI and gestational weight gain for some of the cohorts, and the potential of residual confounding. Also, as this study only included participants from Europe, North America, and Australia, results need to be interpreted with caution with respect to other populations. Conclusions: In this study, higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain were associated with an increased risk of childhood overweight/obesity, with the strongest effects at later ages. The additional effect of gestational weight gain in women who are overweight or obese before pregnancy is small. Given the large population impact, future intervention trials aiming to reduce the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity should focus on maternal weight status before pregnancy, in addition to weight gain during pregnancy. eng Maternal body mass index, gestational weight gain, and the risk of overweight and obesity across childhood: An individual participant data meta-analysis research article