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oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/204262024-11-28T17:46:37Zcom_20.500.12105_15322com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_16961col_20.500.12105_16967col_20.500.12105_16983

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Garcia-Layana, Alfredo author Ciufo, Gianfranco author Toledo, Estefanía author Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel A author Corella, Dolores author Fito, Montserrat author Estruch, Ramon author Gomez-Gracia, Enrique author Lapetra, Jose author Serra-Majem, Lluis author Pinto, Xavier author Portillo, Maria P author Sorli, Jose V author Bullo, Monica author Vinyoles, Ernest author Sala-Vila, Aleix author Ros, Emilio author Salas-Salvado, Jordi author Aros, Fernando author 2017-05 Background: Cataract is a leading cause of vision impairment worldwide, and surgery is the only available treatment. The process that initiates lens opacification is dependent on the oxidative stress experienced by the lens components. A healthy overall dietary pattern, with the potential to reduce oxidative stress, has been suggested as a means to decrease the risk of developing cataract. We aimed to investigate the hypothesis that an intervention with a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) rather than a low-fat diet could decrease the incidence of cataract surgery in elderly subjects. Methods: We included 5802 men and women (age range: 55-80 years) from the Prevencion con Dieta Mediterronea study (multicenter, parallel-group, randomized controlled clinical trial) who had not undergone cataract surgery. They were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups: (1) a MedDiet enriched with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) (n = 1998); (2) a MedDiet enriched with nuts (n = 1914), and a control group recommended to follow a low-fat diet (n = 1890). The incidence of cataract surgery was recorded yearly during follow-up clinical evaluations. Primary analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis. Cox regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between the nutritional intervention and the incidence of cataract surgery. Results: During a follow-up period of 7.0 years (mean follow-up period: 5.7 years; median: 5.9 years), 559 subjects underwent cataract surgery. Two hundred and six participants from the MedDiet + EVOO group, 174 from the MedDiet + Nuts group, and 179 from the control group underwent cataract surgery. We did not observe a reduction in the incidence of cataract surgery in the MedDiet groups compared to the control group. The multivariable adjusted hazard ratios were 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84-1.26, p = 0.79) for the control group versus the MedDiet + EVOO group and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.86-1.31, p = 0.58) for the control group versus the MedDiet + Nuts group. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first large randomized trial assessing the role of a MedDiet on the incidence of cataract surgery. Our results showed that the incidence of cataract surgery was similar in the MedDiet with EVOO, MedDiet with nuts, and low-fat diet groups. Further studies are necessary to investigate whether a MedDiet could have a preventive role in cataract surgery. Garcia-Layana A, Ciufo G, Toledo E, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Corella D, Fito M, et al. The Effect of a Mediterranean Diet on the Incidence of Cataract Surgery. Nutrients. 2017 May;9(5):453. 2072-6643 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/9862 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/20426 28467363 10.3390/nu9050453 Nutrients 2-s2.0-85019024055 402054500031 L615957259 Mediterranean diet PREDIMED Cataract Cataract surgery Nuts Extra-virgin olive oil Low-fat diet Antioxidants The Effect of a Mediterranean Diet on the Incidence of Cataract Surgery