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oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/191752025-04-08T11:08:15Zcom_20.500.12105_15322com_20.500.12105_2051com_20.500.12105_2052col_20.500.12105_16980col_20.500.12105_16982col_20.500.12105_16984col_20.500.12105_16988col_20.500.12105_25179

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Monzon-Fernandez, Sara author Varona Fernandez, Sarai author Negredo, Anabel author Vidal-Freire, Santiago author Patiño-Galindo, Juan Angel author Ferressini-Gerpe, Natalia author Zaballos, Ángel author Orviz, Eva author Ayerdi, Oskar author Muñoz-Gómez, Ana author Delgado-Iribarren, Alberto author Estrada, Vicente author Garcia-Amil, Cristina author Molero-Sanz, Francisca author Sánchez-Mora, Patricia author Torres, Montserrat author Vazquez, Ana author Galán, Juan Carlos author Torres, Ignacio author Causse Del Río, Manuel author Merino-Diaz, Laura author López, Marcos author Galar, Alicia author Cardeñoso, Laura author Gutiérrez, Almudena author Loras, Cristina author Escribano, Isabel author Alvarez-Argüelles, Marta E author Del Río, Leticia author Simón, María author Meléndez, María Angeles author Camacho, Juan author Herrero, Laura author Jimenez Sancho, Maria Pilar author Navarro-Rico, María Luisa author Jado, Isabel author Giannetti, Elaina author Kuhn, Jens H author Sanchez-Lockhart, Mariano author Di Paola, Nicholas author Kugelman, Jeffrey R author Guerra, Susana author García-Sastre, Adolfo author Cuesta de la Plaza, Isabel author Sánchez-Seco, María Paz author Palacios, Gustavo author 2024-04-18 The 2023 monkeypox (mpox) epidemic was caused by a subclade IIb descendant of a monkeypox virus (MPXV) lineage traced back to Nigeria in 1971. Person-to-person transmission appears higher than for clade I or subclade IIa MPXV, possibly caused by genomic changes in subclade IIb MPXV. Key genomic changes could occur in the genome's low-complexity regions (LCRs), which are challenging to sequence and are often dismissed as uninformative. Here, using a combination of highly sensitive techniques, we determine a high-quality MPXV genome sequence of a representative of the current epidemic with LCRs resolved at unprecedented accuracy. This reveals significant variation in short tandem repeats within LCRs. We demonstrate that LCR entropy in the MPXV genome is significantly higher than that of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and that LCRs are not randomly distributed. In silico analyses indicate that expression, translation, stability, or function of MPXV orthologous poxvirus genes (OPGs), including OPG153, OPG204, and OPG208, could be affected in a manner consistent with the established "genomic accordion" evolutionary strategies of orthopoxviruses. We posit that genomic studies focusing on phenotypic MPXV differences should consider LCR variability. Nat Commun. 2024 Apr 18;15(1):3059. 10.1038/s41467-024-46949-7 2041-1723 Nature communications 38637500 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/19175 Monkeypox virus genomic accordion strategies