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oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/188472024-09-21T18:12:13Zcom_20.500.12105_15322com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_16927col_20.500.12105_16960col_20.500.12105_16985

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Sánchez-Quintero, María José author Delgado, Josué author Medina-Vera, Dina author Becerra-Muñoz, Víctor M author Queipo-Ortuño, María Isabel author Estévez, Mario author Plaza-Andrades, Isaac author Rodríguez-Capitán, Jorge author Crespo-Leiro, Maria G author Jiménez-Navarro, Manuel F author Pavón-Morón, Francisco Javier author 2022-11-03 Ischemic heart disease (IHD) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain major health problems worldwide and commonly coexist in individuals. Gut microbial metabolites, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have been linked to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Previous studies have reported dysbiosis in the gut microbiota of these patients and the prebiotic effects of some components of the Mediterranean diet. Essential oil emulsions of savory (Satureja hortensis), parsley (Petroselinum crispum) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) were assessed as nutraceuticals and prebiotics in IHD and T2DM. Humanized mice harboring gut microbiota derived from that of patients with IHD and T2DM were supplemented with L-carnitine and orally treated with essential oil emulsions for 40 days. We assessed the effects on gut microbiota composition and abundance, microbial metabolites and plasma markers of cardiovascular disease, inflammation and oxidative stress. Our results showed that essential oil emulsions in mice supplemented with L-carnitine have prebiotic effects on beneficial commensal bacteria, mainly Lactobacillus genus. There was a decrease in plasma TMAO and an increase in fecal SCFAs levels in mice treated with parsley and rosemary essential oils. Thrombomodulin levels were increased in mice treated with savory and parsley essential oils. While mice treated with parsley and rosemary essential oils showed a decrease in plasma cytokines (INFɣ, TNFα, IL-12p70 and IL-22); savory essential oil was associated with increased levels of chemokines (CXCL1, CCL2 and CCL11). Finally, there was a decrease in protein carbonyls and pentosidine according to the essential oil emulsion. These results suggest that changes in the gut microbiota induced by essential oils of parsley, savory and rosemary as prebiotics could differentially regulate cardiovascular and metabolic factors, which highlights the potential of these nutraceuticals for reducing IHD risk in patients affected by T2DM. 10.3390/nu14214650 2072-6643 Nutrients http://hdl.handle.net/10668/21517 36364913 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/18847 carbonyl chemokine cytokine nutraceutical parsley pentosidine prebiotic protein carbonyl rosemary savory short-chain fatty acid trimethylamine N-oxide Beneficial Effects of Essential Oils from the Mediterranean Diet on Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolites in Ischemic Heart Disease and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus.