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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Del Cura-González, Isabel author López-Rodríguez, Juan A author Leiva-Fernández, Francisca author Gimeno-Miguel, Antonio author Poblador-Plou, Beatriz author López-Verde, Fernando author Lozano-Hernández, Cristina author Pico-Soler, Victoria author Bujalance-Zafra, Mª Josefa author Gimeno-Feliú, Luis A author Aza-Pascual-Salcedo, Mercedes author Rogero-Blanco, Marisa author González-Rubio, Francisca author García-de-Blas, Francisca author Polentinos-Castro, Elena author Sanz-Cuesta, Teresa author Castillo-Jimena, Marcos author Alonso-García, Marcos author Calderón-Larrañaga, Amaia author Valderas, José M author Marengoni, Alessandra author Muth, Christiane author Prados-Torres, Juan Daniel author Prados-Torres, Alexandra author Multi-Pap Group author 2022-05-06 Purpose: To investigate a complex MULTIPAP intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a primary care population of young-elderly patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy and to evaluate its effectiveness for improving the appropriateness of prescriptions. Methods: A pragmatic cluster-randomized clinical trial was conducted involving 38 family practices in Spain. Patients aged 65-74 years with multimorbidity and polypharmacy were recruited. Family physicians (FPs) were randomly allocated to continue usual care or to provide the MULTIPAP intervention based on the Ariadne principles with two components: FP training (eMULTIPAP) and FP patient interviews. The primary outcome was the appropriateness of prescribing, measured as the between-group difference in the mean Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI) score change from the baseline to the 6-month follow-up. The secondary outcomes were quality of life (EQ-5D-5 L), patient perceptions of shared decision making (collaboRATE), use of health services, treatment adherence, and incidence of drug adverse events (all at 1 year), using multi-level regression models, with FP as a random effect. Results: We recruited 117 FPs and 593 of their patients. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the between-group difference for the mean MAI score change after a 6-month follow-up was -2.42 (95% CI from -4.27 to -0.59) and, between baseline and a 12-month follow-up was -3.40 (95% CI from -5.45 to -1.34). There were no significant differences in any other secondary outcomes. Conclusions: The MULTIPAP intervention improved medication appropriateness sustainably over the follow-up time. The small magnitude of the effect, however, advises caution in the interpretation of the results given the paucity of evidence for the clinical benefit of the observed change in the MAI. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02866799. 10.3390/jpm12050752 2075-4426 Journal of personalized medicine http://hdl.handle.net/10668/21380 35629175 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/18640 Ariadne principles Multimorbidity Polypharmacy How to Improve Healthcare for Patients with Multimorbidity and Polypharmacy in Primary Care: A Pragmatic Cluster-Randomized Clinical Trial of the MULTIPAP Intervention.