2026-05-17T01:44:06Zhttps://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/request

oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/186252024-09-21T18:37:13Zcom_20.500.12105_15322com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_16927

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Bentabol-Ramos, Guillermo author Saenz de Santa Maria-Garcia, Rocio author Vidal-Diaz, Monica author Eguiluz-Gracia, Ibon author Testera-Montes, Almudena author 2022-04-27 Asthma is a heterogeneous disease in terms of both phenotype and response to therapy. Therefore, there is a great need for clinically applicable tools allowing for improved patient classification, and selection for specific management approaches. Some interventions are highly helpful in selected patients (e.g., allergen immunotherapy or aspirin desensitization), but they are costly and/or difficult to implement. Currently available biomarkers measurable in peripheral blood or exhaled air display many limitations for asthma phenotyping and cannot identify properly the specific triggers of the disease (e.g., aeroallergens or NSAID). The united airway concept illustrates the relevant epidemiological and pathophysiological links between the upper and lower airways. This concept has been largely applied to patient management and treatment, but its diagnostic implications have been less often explored. Of note, a recent document by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology proposes the use of nasal allergen challenge to confirm the diagnosis of allergic asthma. Similarly, the nasal challenge with lysine acetylsalicylate (L-ASA) can be used to identify aspirin-sensitive asthma patients. In this review, we will summarize the main features of allergic asthma and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease and will discuss the methodology of nasal allergen and L-ASA challenges with a focus on their capacity to phenotype the inflammatory disease affecting both the upper and lower airways. 10.3390/ijms23094838 1422-0067 International journal of molecular sciences http://hdl.handle.net/10668/21151 35563226 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/18625 NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease allergic asthma asthma phenotypes biomarker nasal challenge The Utility of Nasal Challenges to Phenotype Asthma Patients.