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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Oncina-Cánovas, Alejandro author Vioque, Jesús author González-Palacios, Sandra author Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel author Salas-Salvadó, Jordi author Corella, Dolores author Zomeño, Dolores author Martínez, J Alfredo author Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M author Wärnberg, Julia author Romaguera, Dora author López-Miranda, José author Estruch, Ramon author Bernal-Lopez, Rosa M author Lapetra, José author Serra-Majem, J Luís author Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora author Tur, Josep A author Martín-Sánchez, Vicente author Pintó, Xavier author Delgado-Rodríguez, Miguel author Matía-Martín, Pilar author Vidal, Josep author Vázquez, Clotilde author Daimiel, Lidia author Ros, Emili author Toledo, Estefanía author Babio, Nancy author Sorli, Jose V author Schröder, Helmut author Zulet, María Angeles author Sorto-Sánchez, Carolina author Barón-López, Francisco Javier author Compañ-Gabucio, Laura author Morey, Marga author García-Ríos, Antonio author Casas, Rosa author Gómez-Pérez, Ana María author Santos-Lozano, José Manuel author Vázquez-Ruiz, Zenaida author Nishi, Stephanie K author Asensio, Eva M author Soldevila, Núria author Abete, Itziar author Goicolea-Güemez, Leire author Buil-Cosiales, Pilar author García-Gavilán, Jesús F author Canals, Erik author Torres-Collado, Laura author García-de-la-Hera, Manuela author 2021-08-09 Purpose: We explored the cross-sectional association between the adherence to three different provegetarian (PVG) food patterns defined as general (gPVG), healthful (hPVG) and unhealthful (uPVG), and the cardiometabolic risk in adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS) of the PREDIMED-Plus randomized intervention study. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 6439 participants of the PREDIMED-Plus randomized intervention study. The gPVG food pattern was built by positively scoring plant foods (vegetables/fruits/legumes/grains/potatoes/nuts/olive oil) and negatively scoring, animal foods (meat and meat products/animal fats/eggs/fish and seafood/dairy products). The hPVG and uPVG were generated from the gPVG by adding four new food groups (tea and coffee/fruit juices/sugar-sweetened beverages/sweets and desserts), splitting grains and potatoes and scoring them differently. Multivariable-adjusted robust linear regression using MM-type estimator was used to assess the association between PVG food patterns and the standardized Metabolic Syndrome score (MetS z-score), a composed index that has been previously used to ascertain the cardiometabolic risk, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: A higher adherence to the gPVG and hPVG was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk in multivariable models. The regression coefficients for 5th vs. 1st quintile were - 0.16 (95% CI: - 0.33 to 0.01) for gPVG (p trend: 0.015), and - 0.23 (95% CI: - 0.41 to - 0.05) for hPVG (p trend: 0.016). In contrast, a higher adherence to the uPVG was associated with higher cardiometabolic risk, 0.21 (95% CI: 0.04 to 0.38) (p trend: 0.019). Conclusion: Higher adherence to gPVG and hPVG food patterns was generally associated with lower cardiovascular risk, whereas higher adherence to uPVG was associated to higher cardiovascular risk. Oncina-Canovas A, Vioque J, Gonzalez-Palacios S, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Salas-Salvado J, Corella D, et al. Pro-vegetarian food patterns and cardiometabolic risk in the PREDIMED-Plus study: a cross-sectional baseline analysis. Eur J Nutr. 2022 Feb;61(1):357-72. 10.1007/s00394-021-02647-4 1436-6215 European journal of nutrition http://hdl.handle.net/10668/18342 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/19771 34368892 L2013388327 2-s2.0-85112025670 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/18431 682814000001 Cardiometabolic risk Dietary food patterns Metabolic syndrome Pro-vegetarian Pro-vegetarian food patterns and cardiometabolic risk in the PREDIMED-Plus study: a cross-sectional baseline analysis