2026-08-05T11:42:01Zhttps://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/request

oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/182592024-09-21T18:49:30Zcom_20.500.12105_15322com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_16927col_20.500.12105_16961

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Muñoz-Cano, Rosa author San Bartolome, Clara author Casas-Saucedo, Rocío author Araujo, Giovanna author Gelis, Sonia author Ruano-Zaragoza, Maria author Roca-Ferrer, Jordi author Palomares, Francis author Martin, Margarita author Bartra, Joan author Pascal, Mariona author 2021-02-17 Cofactors may explain why in some cases food ingestion leads to anaphylaxis while in others elicits a milder reaction or tolerance. With cofactors, reactions become more severe and/or have a lower allergen threshold. Cofactors are present in up to 58% of food anaphylaxis (FAn). Exercise, NSAIDs, and alcohol are the most frequently described, although the underlying mechanisms are poorly known. Several hypotheses have suggested the influence of these cofactors on basophils and mast cells (MCs). Exercise has been suggested to enhance MC activation by increasing plasma osmolarity, redistributing blood flow, and activating adenosine and eicosanoid metabolism. NSAIDs' cofactor effect has been related with cyclooxygenase inhibition and therefore, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. Indeed, overexpression of adenosine receptor 3 (A3) gene has been described in NSAID-dependent FAn; A3 activation potentiates FcϵRI-induced MC degranulation. Finally, alcohol has been related with an increase of histamine levels by inhibition of diamino oxidase (DAO) and also with and increase of extracellular adenosine by inhibition of its uptake. However, most of these mechanisms have limited evidence, and further studies are urgently needed. In conclusion, the study of the immune-related mechanisms involved in food allergic reactions enhanced by cofactors is of the utmost interest. This knowledge will help to design both tailored treatments and prophylactic strategies that, nowadays, are non-existent. 10.3389/fimmu.2020.623071 1664-3224 Frontiers in immunology http://hdl.handle.net/10668/17325 33679712 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/18259 NSAID adenosin basophil cofactor exercise food allergy mast cell prostaglandin Immune-Mediated Mechanisms in Cofactor-Dependent Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis: Effect of Cofactors in Basophils and Mast Cells.