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                  <mods:namePart>Sanchez-Cabo, Fatima</mods:namePart>
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                  <mods:namePart>Fuster, José J</mods:namePart>
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               <mods:identifier type="citation">J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Apr 13;77(14):1747-1759.</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.jacc.2021.02.028</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="e-issn">1558-3597</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="journal">Journal of the American College of Cardiology</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="pubmedID">33832602</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="uri">http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/18207</mods:identifier>
               <mods:abstract>BACKGROUND&#xd;
Clonal hematopoiesis driven by somatic mutations in hematopoietic cells, frequently called clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), has been associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in population-based studies and in patients with ischemic heart failure (HF) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Yet, the impact of CHIP on HF progression, including nonischemic etiology, is unknown.&#xd;
OBJECTIVES&#xd;
The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical impact of clonal hematopoiesis on HF progression irrespective of its etiology.&#xd;
METHODS&#xd;
The study cohort comprised 62 patients with HF and LVEF &lt;45% (age 74 ± 7 years, 74% men, 52% nonischemic, and LVEF 30 ± 8%). Deep sequencing was used to detect CHIP mutations with a variant allelic fraction >2% in 54 genes. Patients were followed for at least 3.5 years for various adverse events including death, HF-related death, and HF hospitalization.&#xd;
RESULTS&#xd;
CHIP mutations were detected in 24 (38.7%) patients, without significant differences in all-cause mortality (p = 0.151). After adjusting for risk factors, patients with mutations in either DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A) or Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) exhibited accelerated HF progression in terms of death (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.79; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31 to 5.92; p = 0.008), death or HF hospitalization (HR: 3.84; 95% CI: 1.84 to 8.04; p &lt; 0.001) and HF-related death or HF hospitalization (HR: 4.41; 95% CI: 2.15 to 9.03; p &lt; 0.001). In single gene-specific analyses, somatic mutations in DNMT3A or TET2 retained prognostic significance with regard to HF-related death or HF hospitalization (HR: 4.50; 95% CI: 2.07 to 9.74; p &lt; 0.001, for DNMT3A mutations; HR: 3.18; 95% CI: 1.52 to 6.66; p = 0.002, for TET2 mutations). This association remained significant irrespective of ischemic/nonischemic etiology.&#xd;
CONCLUSIONS&#xd;
Somatic mutations that drive clonal hematopoiesis are common among HF patients with reduced LVEF and are associated with accelerated HF progression regardless of etiology.</mods:abstract>
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                  <mods:title>Clonal Hematopoiesis and Risk of Progression of Heart Failure With Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction.</mods:title>
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