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                  <mods:namePart>Bromberg, Jacqueline</mods:namePart>
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                  <mods:namePart>Lyden, David</mods:namePart>
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                  <mods:dateAccessioned encoding="iso8601">2024-02-12T12:56:12Z</mods:dateAccessioned>
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               <mods:identifier type="citation">Nat Cell Biol . 2015;17(6):816-26</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="uri">http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/17975</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="pubmedID">25985394</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="doi">10.1038/ncb3169</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="e-issn">1476-4679</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="journal">Nature cell biology</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="pmc">http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/17975</mods:identifier>
               <mods:abstract>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) are highly metastatic with poor prognosis, mainly due to delayed detection. We hypothesized that intercellular communication is critical for metastatic progression. Here, we show that PDAC-derived exosomes induce liver pre-metastatic niche formation in naive mice and consequently increase liver metastatic burden. Uptake of PDAC-derived exosomes by Kupffer cells caused transforming growth factor β secretion and upregulation of fibronectin production by hepatic stellate cells. This fibrotic microenvironment enhanced recruitment of bone marrow-derived macrophages. We found that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was highly expressed in PDAC-derived exosomes, and its blockade prevented liver pre-metastatic niche formation and metastasis. Compared with patients whose pancreatic tumours did not progress, MIF was markedly higher in exosomes from stage I PDAC patients who later developed liver metastasis. These findings suggest that exosomal MIF primes the liver for metastasis and may be a prognostic marker for the development of PDAC liver metastasis.</mods:abstract>
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                  <mods:title>Pancreatic cancer exosomes initiate pre-metastatic niche formation in the liver.</mods:title>
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