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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc López-Contreras, Andres J author Gutierrez-Martinez, Paula author Specks, Julia author Rodrigo-Perez, Sara author Fernandez-Capetillo, Oscar author 2012-03-12 Replicative stress (RS) is a type of endogenous DNA damage that cells suffer every time they duplicate their genomes, and which is further boosted by oncogenes. In mammals, the RS response (RSR) is coordinated by ATR and Chk1 kinases. We sought to develop a mammalian organism that is selectively protected from RS. To this end, mice carrying an extra copy of the Chk1 gene were generated. In vitro, Chk1 transgenic cells are protected from RS-inducing agents. Moreover, an extra Chk1 allele prolongs the survival of ATR-Seckel mice, which suffer from high levels of RS, but not that of ATM-deficient mice, which accumulate DNA breaks. Surprisingly, increased Chk1 levels favor transformation, which we show is associated with a reduction in the levels of RS induced by oncogenes. Our study provides the first example where supra-physiological levels of a tumor suppressor can promote malignant transformation, which is a result of the protection from the RS found in cancer cells. J Exp Med . 2012 ;209(3):455-61. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/17683 22370720 10.1084/jem.20112147 1540-9538 The Journal of experimental medicine An extra allele of Chk1 limits oncogene-induced replicative stress and promotes transformation.