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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Casteleyn, L author Dumez, B author Becker, K author Kolossa-Gehring, Marike author Den Hond, Elly author Schoeters, G author Castaño, Argelia author Koch, Holger M author Angerer, J author Esteban-Lopez, Marta author Exley, K author Sepai, O author Bloemen, L author Horvat, M author Knudsen, L E author Joas, A author Joas, R author Biot, P author Koppen, G author Dewolf, M-C author Katsonouri, A author Hadjipanayis, A author Černá, Milena author Krskova, Andrea author Schwedler, G author Fiddicke, U author Nielsen, J K S author Jensen, J F author Rudnai, P author Közepésy, S author Mulcahy, M author Mannion, R author Gutleb, A C author Fischer, M E author Ligocka, D author Jakubowski, M author Reis, M F author Namorado, Sónia author Lupsa, I-R author Gurzau, Anca Elena author Halzlova, K author Jajcaj, M author Mazej, D author Tratnik Snoj, J author Posada De la Paz, Manuel author Lopez-Martin, Estrella author Berglund, M author Larsson, K author Lehmann, A author Crettaz, P author Aerts, D author 2015-08 In 2004 the European Commission and Member States initiated activities towards a harmonized approach for Human Biomonitoring surveys throughout Europe. The main objective was to sustain environmental health policy by building a coherent and sustainable framework and by increasing the comparability of data across countries. A pilot study to test common guidelines for setting up surveys was considered a key step in this process. Through a bottom-up approach that included all stakeholders, a joint study protocol was elaborated. From September 2011 till February 2012, 17 European countries collected data from 1844 mother-child pairs in the frame of DEMOnstration of a study to COordinate and Perform Human Biomonitoring on a European Scale (DEMOCOPHES).(1) Mercury in hair and urinary cadmium and cotinine were selected as biomarkers of exposure covered by sufficient analytical experience. Phthalate metabolites and Bisphenol A in urine were added to take into account increasing public and political awareness for emerging types of contaminants and to test less advanced markers/markers covered by less analytical experience. Extensive efforts towards chemo-analytical comparability were included. The pilot study showed that common approaches can be found in a context of considerable differences with respect to experience and expertize, socio-cultural background, economic situation and national priorities. It also evidenced that comparable Human Biomonitoring results can be obtained in such context. A European network was built, exchanging information, expertize and experiences, and providing training on all aspects of a survey. A key challenge was finding the right balance between a rigid structure allowing maximal comparability and a flexible approach increasing feasibility and capacity building. Next steps in European harmonization in Human Biomonitoring surveys include the establishment of a joint process for prioritization of substances to cover and biomarkers to develop, linking biomonitoring surveys with health examination surveys and with research, and coping with the diverse implementations of EU regulations and international guidelines with respect to ethics and privacy. Environ Res. 2015 Aug:141:3-14. 10.1016/j.envres.2014.10.028 1096-0953 Environmental research 25746298 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/17544 Environmental health policy Ethics European harmonization Human Biomonitoring Study protocol A pilot study on the feasibility of European harmonized human biomonitoring: Strategies towards a common approach, challenges and opportunities