2026-06-14T03:40:35Zhttps://repisalud.isciii.es/rest/oai/requestoai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/164972024-09-27T18:13:16Zcom_20.500.12105_2052com_20.500.12105_2051col_20.500.12105_19608col_20.500.12105_19609col_20.500.12105_19613
Repisalud
author
Gutiérrez-González, Enrique
author
García-Solano, Marta
author
Pastor-Barriuso, Roberto
author
Fernandez de Larrea-Baz, Nerea
author
Rollán-Gordo, Almudena
author
Peñalver-Argüeso, Belén
author
Peña-Rey, Isabel
author
Pollan-Santamaria, Marina
author
Perez-Gomez, Beatriz
author
ENE-COVID Study Group
author
Cuenca-Estrella, Manuel
author
Paniagua-Caparros, Jose Leon
author
Fernandez-Navarro, Pablo L
author
Avellón, Ana
author
Fedele, Cesare Giovanni
author
Fernandez-Garcia, Aurora
author
Oteo-Iglesias, Jesus
author
Perez-Olmeda, Mayte
author
Cruz, Israel
author
Fernández-Martínez, María Elena
author
Rodriguez-Cabrera, Francisco David
funder
Instituto de Salud Carlos III
funder
Ministerio de Sanidad (España)
2023-09-26T08:58:52Z
2023-09-26T08:58:52Z
2023-07
Front Public Health. 2023 Jul 17;11:1195249.
10.3389/fpubh.2023.1195249
2296-2565
Frontiers in public health
37529423
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/16497
Background: In Spain, differences in the prevalence of obesity and excess weight according to sex and sociodemographic factors have been described at the national level, although current data do not allow to delve into geographical differences for these conditions. The aim was to estimate national and regional prevalences of adult obesity and excess weight in Spain by sex and sociodemographic characteristics, and to explore difference sources of inequalities in its distribution, as well as its geographical pattern. Method: ENE-COVID study was a nationwide representative seroepidemiological survey with 57,131 participants. Residents in 35,893 households were selected from municipal rolls using a two-stage random sampling stratified by province and municipality size (April-June 2020). Participants (77.0% of contacted individuals) answered a questionnaire which collected self-reported weight and height, as well as different socioeconomic variables, that allowed estimating crude and standardized prevalences of adult obesity and excess weight. Results: Crude prevalences of obesity and excess weight were higher in men (obesity: 19.3% vs. 18.0%; excess weight: 63.7% vs. 48.4%), while severe obesity was more prevalent in women (4.5% vs. 5.3%). These prevalences increased with age and disability, and decreased with education, census tract income and municipality size. Differences by educational level, relative census income, nationality or disability were clearly higher among women. Obesity by province ranged 13.3-27.4% in men and 11.4-28.1% in women; excess weight ranged 57.2-76.0% in men and 38.9-59.5% in women. The highest prevalences were located in the southern half of the country and some north-western provinces. Sociodemographic characteristics only explained a small part of the observed geographical variability (25.2% obesity). Conclusion: Obesity and overweight have a high prevalence in Spain, with notable geographical and sex differences. Socioeconomic inequalities are stronger among women. The observed geographical variability suggests the need to implement regional and local interventions to effectively address this public health problem.
eng
Spain
Adults
Geographical factors
Obesity
Sociodemographic factors
Socio-geographical disparities of obesity and excess weight in adults in Spain: insights from the ENE-COVID study
research article
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